convulsion

A motor is a device that converts energy into mechanical power, and is often synonymous with engine.

The name is used by automakers (Ford Motor Company, General Motors, etc.), although this may also refer to the word 'motor' used widely in the early 20th century as an abbreviation for 'motor car', a synonym for automobile.

See also:

• Electric motor
• Engine
• Timeline of motor and engine technology

Definition of "sense"

There is no firm agreement amongst neurologists as to exactly how many senses there
..... Click the link for more information. , autonomic Autonomy is the condition of something that does not depend on anything else.

• In politics, a self-governing city or region, e.g. Kurdistan, Kosovo or Hong Kong SAR (not necessarily as a result of formal secession), is autonomous. True autonomy is usually a pre-requisite to separation or secession, however, but autonomy does not necessarily lead to separation. Autonomy is not independence.

In psychology, and in ordinary language, emotion is used to describe a state of a person. Examples of emotions are fear, anger, joy, hate; see list of emotions. Emotional state is related to mood, sometimes even identified with it, although emotions are generally considered to be more transient than moods.

Emotional state is sometimes thought of as being internal and unobservable. However, this is not an assertion which is supported by empirical evidence, since externally-visible changes almost always accompany emotional changes. Emotion is also sometimes regarded as the antithesis of reason; as is suggested by phrases such as
..... Click the link for more information.  or cognitive

The term cognition is used in several different loosely related ways. In psychology it is used to refer to the mental processes of an individual, with particular relation to a view that argues that the mind has internal mental states (such as beliefs, desires and intentions) and can be understood in terms of information processing, especially when a lot of abstraction or concretization is involved, or processes such as involving knowledge, expertise or learning for example are at work. It is also used in a wider sense to mean the act of knowing or knowledge, and may be interpreted in a social or cultural sense to describe the emergent development of knowledge and concepts within a group.
..... Click the link for more information. .

Some seizure types are:

• petit mal seizure In medicine, there are many kinds of generalized seizures. In absence seizures, the person may appear to be staring into space and/or have jerking or twitching muscles. These seizures are sometimes referred to as petit mal seizures, which is an older term.

  Note that not all seizures are caused by epilepsy, although epilepsy is the most common seizure disorder.

  Just as there are
  ..... Click the link for more information.  (an absence seizure In medicine, there are many kinds of generalized seizures. In absence seizures, the person may appear to be staring into space and/or have jerking or twitching muscles. These seizures are sometimes referred to as petit mal seizures, which is an older term.

  Note that not all seizures are caused by epilepsy, although epilepsy is the most common seizure disorder.

  Just as there are
  ..... Click the link for more information. , or very brief loss of consciousness Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to comprise qualities such as self-awareness, sentience, sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between oneself and one's environment. In common parlance, consciousness denotes being awake and responsive to one's environment; this contrasts with being asleep or being in a coma.

  Consciousness is notoriously difficult to define or locate. Many cultures and religious traditions place the seat of consciousness in a soul separate from the body. Conversely, many scientists and philosophers consider consciousness to be intimately linked to the neural functioning of the brain.
  ..... Click the link for more information. )

• partial (focal) seizure (usually a motor or sensory seizure that is restricted to one side of the body)
• partial complex seizure (characterized by brief loss of consciousness, behavioral, emotional symptoms, loss of memory and automatisms; temporal lobe and frontal lobe seizures are often in this category)
• generalized tonic In harmony, the tonus is the ratio 9:8 between a pair of frequencies or, equivalently, the ratio 8:9 between a pair of wavelengths. It is the arithmetic mean of unison and ditono:
  It is equal to diapente divided by diatessaron:
  This means that a diapente is equal to a diatessaron and a tonus, put together.

  The tonus is 1.001 in binary — 1 + 2⁻³ — and it is the inversion of the eptadem minus (minor seventh) (16:9),

  Notice also that the eptadem minus is a pair of diatessarons put together:
  
  ..... Click the link for more information. -clonic Clonus (from the Greek for "violent, confused motion") is a series of muscular contractions due to sudden stretching of the muscle. Clonus is a sign of certain neuropathies.

  See also:

  • Tonus
  
  ..... Click the link for more information.  seizure (grand mal seizure; motor seizure of both sides of the body)

Symptoms experienced by a person during a seizure depend on where in the brain the disturbance in electrical activity occurs. Some seizures may be frightening to onlookers. A person having a tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizure may cry out, lose consciousness and fall to the ground, and convulse, often violently. A person having a complex partial seizure may appear confused or dazed and will not be able to respond to questions or direction. Some people have seizures that are not noticeable to others. Sometimes, the only clue that a person is having an absence (petit mal) seizure is rapid blinking or a few seconds of staring into space.

It is still disputable whether a febrile seizure A febrile seizure, also known as a fever fit or febrile convulsion is a generalized convulsion caused by elevated body temperature. They most commonly occur in children below the age of three years old and should not be diagnosed in children under the age of 6 months or over the age of 6 years. The cause is the rapidity of the rise in temperature, rather than the actual temperature reached.
..... Click the link for more information.  has to be regarded as an epileptic disorder or not. In general, a patient with two or more episodes of seizures is accepted to have epilepsy Epilepsy (sometimes referred to as a seizure disorder) is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The condition is named from the Greek epilepsia ("a taking hold of or seizing"). It is commonly controlled with medication, although experimental surgical methods are slowly gaining acceptance.

In the past, epilepsy has been associated with religious experiences and even demonic possession. Historically, epilepsy was called the "Sacred Disease" because people thought that epileptic seizures were a form of attack by demons, and that the visions epileptics experienced were sent by the Gods. Hippocrates remarked that epilepsy would be considered divine only until it was understood .
..... Click the link for more information.  (a condition also known as a seizure disorder Epilepsy (sometimes referred to as a seizure disorder) is a chronic neurological condition characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures. The condition is named from the Greek epilepsia ("a taking hold of or seizing"). It is commonly controlled with medication, although experimental surgical methods are slowly gaining acceptance.

In the past, epilepsy has been associated with religious experiences and even demonic possession. Historically, epilepsy was called the "Sacred Disease" because people thought that epileptic seizures were a form of attack by demons, and that the visions epileptics experienced were sent by the Gods. Hippocrates remarked that epilepsy would be considered divine only until it was understood .
..... Click the link for more information. .) Many people with epilepsy perceive "auras

For other meanings, see Aura (disambiguation).

An Aura is an optical effect wherein gas or dust surrounding an object luminesces or reflects light from the object.

The visual disturbance seen by about half of all migraine sufferers is also called aura.

Sufferers of repeated seizures (called epilepsy) often have a telltale sensation, often a strange light or unpleasant smell which comes before the actual seizure, called an aura.
..... Click the link for more information. ": telltale sensations such as strange lights, unpleasant smells or odd sensations before their seizures.

Major causes of seizures include head trauma, infection, tumors, metabolic alterations (e.g. low or high blood glucose levels), and as part of the withdrawal symptoms associated with certain classes of addictive drugs, especially sedatives A sedative is a drug that depresses the central nervous system (CNS), which causes calmness, relaxation, reduction of anxiety, sleepiness, slowed breathing, slurred speech, staggering gait, poor judgment, and slow, uncertain reflexes. Sedatives may be referred to as tranquilizers, depressants, anxiolytics, soporifics, sleeping pills, downers, or sedative-hypnotics. At high doses or when they are abused, many of these drugs can cause unconsciousness and death.
..... Click the link for more information.  such as alcohol In general usage, alcohol (from Arabic al-khwl الكحول, or al-ghawl الغول) refers almost always to ethanol, also known as grain alcohol, and often to any beverage that contains ethanol (see alcoholic beverage). This sense underlies the term alcoholism (addiction to alcohol). Other forms of alcohol are usually described with a clarifying adjective, e.g., isopropyl alcohol (rubbing alcohol).
..... Click the link for more information. , barbiturates Barbiturates are drugs that acts as central nervous system (CNS) depressants, and by virtue of this they produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to anesthesia. Some also are used as anticonvulsants.

Barbiturates are derivatives of barbituric acid.

Medical uses

These barbiturates are available in the U.S.:

The benzodiazepines are a class of drugs with hypnotic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsive, amnestic and muscle relaxant properties. They are believed to act on the GABA receptor GABA_A, the activation of which dampens higher neuronal activity. They began to be widely prescribed for stress-related ailments in the 1960s and 1970s.

Benzodiazepines are often used for short-term relief of severe, disabling anxiety because their prolonged use can lead to tolerance and dependency.
..... Click the link for more information. . Some medications produce an increased risk of seizures and electroconvulsive therapy Electroconvulsive therapy, also known as electroshock or ECT, is a controversial type of psychiatric shock therapy involving the induction of an artificial seizure in a patient by passing electricity through the brain. Researchers remain uncertain as to exactly how ECT effects improvements in mental state, though patients with a variety of conditions have shown improvement after the procedure. Large segments of the public came to view ECT in a negative light after several unfavorable depictions in popular books and films.
..... Click the link for more information.  (ECT) deliberately sets out to induce a seizure. Many seizures have unknown causes.

Seizures in pregnancy can be a sign of eclampsia Eclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy and is characterised by convulsions. Usually eclampsia occurs after the onset of pre-eclampsia though sometimes no pre-eclamptic symptoms are recognisable. The convulsions may appear before, during or after labour, though cases of eclampsia after just 20 weeks of pregnancy have been recorded.

Signs and symptoms

This article is about the medical condition. In law, seizure can also refer to taking possession of an item: see search and seizure.

Seizures (or convulsions) are temporary alterations in brain functions due to abnormal electrical activity of a group of brain cells that present with apparent clinical symptoms and findings. An isolated abnormal electrical activity recorded by an electroencephalography examination without a clinical presentation is not called a seizure.
..... Click the link for more information.  (generalized), witnesses should first ensure that the breathing Breath is one of the few bodily functions which can be controlled both consciously and unconsciously. This is one reason why attention to it is common in many forms of meditation. It brings us oxygen, more important to us than food or water, without it we would die in minutes.

Breath is often used as a metaphor for life itself, and time of death is sometimes thought to be at the moment when breath stops (although countless people have 'come back' to life after breathing stops).
..... Click the link for more information.  airway The airways are those parts of the respiratory system through which air flows between the external environment and the alveoli.

Protection of the airways

1. The epithelial surfaces of the airways contain cilia. Particles such as dust sticks to mucous which is continuously removed from the airways by these cilia. The airway epithelium also secretes a watery fluid upon which the mucous can ride freely. The production of this fluid is impaired by the disease cystic fibrosis.