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<h1>units example code: basic_units.py<a class="headerlink" href="#units-example-code-basic-units-py" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>

(<a class="reference external" href="../../mpl_examples/units/basic_units.py">Source code</a>)

<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>import math

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.units as units

import matplotlib.ticker as ticker

from matplotlib.axes import Axes

from matplotlib.cbook import iterable

class ProxyDelegate(object):

def __init__(self, fn_name, proxy_type):

self.proxy_type = proxy_type

self.fn_name = fn_name

def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None):

return self.proxy_type(self.fn_name, obj)

class TaggedValueMeta (type):

def __init__(cls, name, bases, dict):

for fn_name in cls._proxies.keys():

try:

dummy = getattr(cls, fn_name)

except AttributeError:

setattr(cls, fn_name,

ProxyDelegate(fn_name, cls._proxies[fn_name]))

class PassThroughProxy(object):

self.fn_name = fn_name

self.target = obj.proxy_target

def __call__(self, *args):

fn = getattr(self.target, self.fn_name)

ret = fn(*args)

return ret

class ConvertArgsProxy(PassThroughProxy):

PassThroughProxy.__init__(self, fn_name, obj)

self.unit = obj.unit

converted_args = []

for a in args:

try:

converted_args.append(a.convert_to(self.unit))

except AttributeError:

converted_args.append(TaggedValue(a, self.unit))

converted_args = tuple([c.get_value() for c in converted_args])

return PassThroughProxy.__call__(self, *converted_args)

class ConvertReturnProxy(PassThroughProxy):

self.unit = obj.unit

ret = PassThroughProxy.__call__(self, *args)

if (type(ret) == type(NotImplemented)):

return NotImplemented

return TaggedValue(ret, self.unit)

class ConvertAllProxy(PassThroughProxy):

self.unit = obj.unit

converted_args = []

arg_units = [self.unit]

for a in args:

if hasattr(a, 'get_unit') and not hasattr(a, 'convert_to'):

# if this arg has a unit type but no conversion ability,

# this operation is prohibited

return NotImplemented

if hasattr(a, 'convert_to'):

try:

a = a.convert_to(self.unit)

except:

pass

arg_units.append(a.get_unit())

else:

converted_args.append(a)

if hasattr(a, 'get_unit'):

else:

arg_units.append(None)

converted_args = tuple(converted_args)

return NotImplemented

ret_unit = unit_resolver(self.fn_name, arg_units)

if (ret_unit == NotImplemented):

return NotImplemented

return TaggedValue(ret, ret_unit)

class _TaggedValue(object):

_proxies = {'__add__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__sub__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__mul__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__rmul__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__cmp__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__lt__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__gt__': ConvertAllProxy,

'__len__': PassThroughProxy}

def __new__(cls, value, unit):

# generate a new subclass for value

value_class = type(value)

try:

subcls = type('TaggedValue_of_%s' % (value_class.__name__),

tuple([cls, value_class]),

{})

if subcls not in units.registry:

units.registry[subcls] = basicConverter

return object.__new__(subcls, value, unit)

except TypeError:

if cls not in units.registry:

units.registry[cls] = basicConverter

return object.__new__(cls, value, unit)

def __init__(self, value, unit):

self.value = value

self.unit = unit

self.proxy_target = self.value

def __getattribute__(self, name):

if (name.startswith('__')):

return object.__getattribute__(self, name)

variable = object.__getattribute__(self, 'value')

if (hasattr(variable, name) and name not in self.__class__.__dict__):

return getattr(variable, name)

def __array__(self, t=None, context=None):

if t is not None:

return np.asarray(self.value).astype(t)

else:

return np.asarray(self.value, 'O')

def __array_wrap__(self, array, context):

return TaggedValue(array, self.unit)

def __repr__(self):

return 'TaggedValue(' + repr(self.value) + ', ' + repr(self.unit) + ')'

def __str__(self):

return str(self.value) + ' in ' + str(self.unit)

def __len__(self):

return len(self.value)

def __iter__(self):

class IteratorProxy(object):

def __init__(self, iter, unit):

self.iter = iter

self.unit = unit

def __next__(self):

value = next(self.iter)

return TaggedValue(value, self.unit)

next = __next__ # for Python 2

return IteratorProxy(iter(self.value), self.unit)

def get_compressed_copy(self, mask):

new_value = np.ma.masked_array(self.value, mask=mask).compressed()

return TaggedValue(new_value, self.unit)

def convert_to(self, unit):

if (unit == self.unit or not unit):

return self

new_value = self.unit.convert_value_to(self.value, unit)

return TaggedValue(new_value, unit)

def get_value(self):

return self.value

def get_unit(self):

return self.unit

TaggedValue = TaggedValueMeta('TaggedValue', (_TaggedValue, ), {})

class BasicUnit(object):

def __init__(self, name, fullname=None):

self.name = name

if fullname is None:

fullname = name

self.fullname = fullname

self.conversions = dict()

def __repr__(self):

return 'BasicUnit(%s)'%self.name

def __str__(self):

return self.fullname

def __call__(self, value):

return TaggedValue(value, self)

def __mul__(self, rhs):

value = rhs

unit = self

if hasattr(rhs, 'get_unit'):

value = rhs.get_value()

unit = rhs.get_unit()

unit = unit_resolver('__mul__', (self, unit))

if (unit == NotImplemented):

return NotImplemented

return TaggedValue(value, unit)

def __rmul__(self, lhs):

return self*lhs

return TaggedValue(array, self)

ret = np.array([1])

if t is not None:

return ret.astype(t)

else:

return ret

def add_conversion_factor(self, unit, factor):

def convert(x):

return x*factor

self.conversions[unit] = convert

def add_conversion_fn(self, unit, fn):

def get_conversion_fn(self, unit):

return self.conversions[unit]

def convert_value_to(self, value, unit):

conversion_fn = self.conversions[unit]

ret = conversion_fn(value)

return ret

def get_unit(self):

return self

class UnitResolver(object):

def addition_rule(self, units):

for unit_1, unit_2 in zip(units[:-1], units[1:]):

if (unit_1 != unit_2):

return NotImplemented

return units[0]

def multiplication_rule(self, units):

non_null = [u for u in units if u]

if (len(non_null) > 1):

return NotImplemented

return non_null[0]

op_dict = {

'__mul__': multiplication_rule,

'__rmul__': multiplication_rule,

'__add__': addition_rule,

'__radd__': addition_rule,

'__sub__': addition_rule,

'__rsub__': addition_rule}

def __call__(self, operation, units):

if (operation not in self.op_dict):

return NotImplemented

return self.op_dict[operation](self, units)

unit_resolver = UnitResolver()

cm = BasicUnit('cm', 'centimeters')

inch = BasicUnit('inch', 'inches')

inch.add_conversion_factor(cm, 2.54)

cm.add_conversion_factor(inch, 1/2.54)

radians = BasicUnit('rad', 'radians')

degrees = BasicUnit('deg', 'degrees')

radians.add_conversion_factor(degrees, 180.0/np.pi)

degrees.add_conversion_factor(radians, np.pi/180.0)

secs = BasicUnit('s', 'seconds')

hertz = BasicUnit('Hz', 'Hertz')

minutes = BasicUnit('min', 'minutes')

secs.add_conversion_fn(hertz, lambda x: 1./x)

secs.add_conversion_factor(minutes, 1/60.0)

# radians formatting

def rad_fn(x, pos=None):

n = int((x / np.pi) * 2.0 + 0.25)

if n == 0:

return '0'

elif n == 1:

return r'$\pi/2$'

elif n == 2:

return r'$\pi$'

elif n % 2 == 0:

return r'$%s\pi$' % (n/2,)

else:

return r'$%s\pi/2$' % (n,)

class BasicUnitConverter(units.ConversionInterface):

@staticmethod

def axisinfo(unit, axis):

'return AxisInfo instance for x and unit'

if unit==radians:

return units.AxisInfo(

majloc=ticker.MultipleLocator(base=np.pi/2),

majfmt=ticker.FuncFormatter(rad_fn),

label=unit.fullname,

)

elif unit==degrees:

return units.AxisInfo(

majloc=ticker.AutoLocator(),

majfmt=ticker.FormatStrFormatter(r'$%i^\circ$'),

label=unit.fullname,

)

elif unit is not None:

if hasattr(unit, 'fullname'):

return units.AxisInfo(label=unit.fullname)

elif hasattr(unit, 'unit'):

return None

@staticmethod

def convert(val, unit, axis):

if units.ConversionInterface.is_numlike(val):

return val

if iterable(val):

return [thisval.convert_to(unit).get_value() for thisval in val]

else:

return val.convert_to(unit).get_value()

@staticmethod

def default_units(x, axis):

'return the default unit for x or None'

if iterable(x):

for thisx in x:

return thisx.unit

return x.unit

def cos(x):

if iterable(x):

return [math.cos(val.convert_to(radians).get_value()) for val in x]

else:

return math.cos(x.convert_to(radians).get_value())

basicConverter = BasicUnitConverter()

units.registry[BasicUnit] = basicConverter

units.registry[TaggedValue] = basicConverter

</pre></div>

</div>

Keywords: python, matplotlib, pylab, example, codex (see <a class="reference internal" href="../../faq/howto_faq.html#how-to-search-examples">Search examples</a>)

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