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<div class="sphx-glr-example-title section" id="generate-polygons-to-fill-under-3d-line-graph">
<span id="sphx-glr-gallery-mplot3d-polys3d-py"></span><h1>Generate polygons to fill under 3D line graph<a class="headerlink" href="#generate-polygons-to-fill-under-3d-line-graph" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p>Demonstrate how to create polygons which fill the space under a line
graph. In this example polygons are semi-transparent, creating a sort
of 'jagged stained glass' effect.</p>
<img alt="polys3d" class="sphx-glr-single-img" src="../../_images/sphx_glr_polys3d_001.png" />
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.collections</span> <span class="kn">import</span> <a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">PolyCollection</span></a>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
<span class="c1"># Fixing random state for reproducibility</span>
<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.seed.html#numpy.random.seed" title="numpy.random.seed" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">seed</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">19680801</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">polygon_under_graph</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xlist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ylist</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="sd">"""</span>
<span class="sd"> Construct the vertex list which defines the polygon filling the space under</span>
<span class="sd"> the (xlist, ylist) line graph. Assumes the xs are in ascending order.</span>
<span class="sd"> """</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="p">[(</span><span class="n">xlist</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="o">*</span><span class="nb">zip</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xlist</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ylist</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xlist</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">)]</span>
<span class="n">ax</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">figure</span></a><span class="p">()</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_subplot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">projection</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'3d'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># Make verts a list such that verts[i] is a list of (x, y) pairs defining</span>
<span class="c1"># polygon i.</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">verts</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="c1"># Set up the x sequence</span>
<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xs</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.linspace.html#numpy.linspace" title="numpy.linspace" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">linspace</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mf">0.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">10.</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">26</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1"># The ith polygon will appear on the plane y = zs[i]</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">zs</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">i</span></a> <span class="ow">in</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">zs</span></a><span class="p">:</span>
<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ys</span></a> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.rand.html#numpy.random.rand" title="numpy.random.rand" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">rand</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xs</span></a><span class="p">))</span>
<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">verts</span></a><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">polygon_under_graph</span><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">xs</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">ys</span></a><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">poly</span> <span class="o">=</span> <a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><span class="n">PolyCollection</span></a><span class="p">(</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">verts</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">facecolors</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s1">'r'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'g'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'b'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'y'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">alpha</span><span class="o">=.</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">add_collection3d</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">poly</span><span class="p">,</span> <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">zs</span></a><span class="o">=</span><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><span class="n">zs</span></a><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">zdir</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s1">'y'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'X'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylabel</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Y'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_zlabel</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">'Z'</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_xlim</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_ylim</span></a><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ax</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_zlim</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">)</span>
<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">show</span></a><span class="p">()</span>
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