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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

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<title>Generate polygons to fill under 3D line graph — Matplotlib 3.3.4 documentation</title>

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<div id="unreleased-message"> You are reading an old version of the documentation (v3.3.4). For the latest version see <a href="https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/mplot3d/polys3d.html">https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/mplot3d/polys3d.html</a></div>

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<h1>Generate polygons to fill under 3D line graph<a class="headerlink" href="#generate-polygons-to-fill-under-3d-line-graph" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>

Demonstrate how to create polygons which fill the space under a line

graph. In this example polygons are semi-transparent, creating a sort

of 'jagged stained glass' effect.

<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre>from matplotlib.collections import <a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class">PolyCollection</a></a></a>

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

# Fixing random state for reproducibility

<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.seed.html#numpy.random.seed" title="numpy.random.seed" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.seed.html#numpy.random.seed" title="numpy.random.seed" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.seed.html#numpy.random.seed" title="numpy.random.seed" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function">np.random.seed</a></a></a>(19680801)

def polygon_under_graph(xlist, ylist):

"""

Construct the vertex list which defines the polygon filling the space under

the (xlist, ylist) line graph. Assumes the xs are in ascending order.

"""

return [(xlist[0], 0.), *zip(xlist, ylist), (xlist[-1], 0.)]

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">fig</a></a></a> = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.figure.html#matplotlib.pyplot.figure" title="matplotlib.pyplot.figure" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function">plt.figure</a></a></a>()

ax = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.Figure.html#matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" title="matplotlib.figure.Figure.gca" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-figure sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method">fig.gca</a></a></a>(projection='3d')

# Make verts a list such that verts[i] is a list of (x, y) pairs defining

# polygon i.

# Set up the x sequence

# The ith polygon will appear on the plane y = zs[i]

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">zs</a></a></a> = range(4)

for <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#int" title="builtins.int" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">i</a></a></a> in <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">zs</a></a></a>:

<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">ys</a></a></a> = <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.rand.html#numpy.random.rand" title="numpy.random.rand" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.rand.html#numpy.random.rand" title="numpy.random.rand" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/random/generated/numpy.random.rand.html#numpy.random.rand" title="numpy.random.rand" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy-random sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function">np.random.rand</a></a></a>(len(<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">xs</a></a></a>))

<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">verts</a></a></a>.append(polygon_under_graph(<a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">xs</a></a></a>, <a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.ndarray.html#numpy.ndarray" title="numpy.ndarray" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-numpy sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">ys</a></a></a>))

poly = <a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class"><a href="../../api/collections_api.html#matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" title="matplotlib.collections.PolyCollection" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-collections sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class">PolyCollection</a></a></a>(<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#list" title="builtins.list" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">verts</a></a></a>, facecolors=['r', 'g', 'b', 'y'], alpha=.6)

ax.add_collection3d(poly, <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">zs</a></a></a>=<a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance"><a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#range" title="builtins.range" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-builtins sphx-glr-backref-type-py-class sphx-glr-backref-instance">zs</a></a></a>, zdir='y')

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method">ax.set_xlabel</a></a></a>('X')

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylabel" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method">ax.set_ylabel</a></a></a>('Y')

ax.set_zlabel('Z')

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_xlim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method">ax.set_xlim</a></a></a>(0, 10)

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim.html#matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" title="matplotlib.axes.Axes.set_ylim" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-axes sphx-glr-backref-type-py-method">ax.set_ylim</a></a></a>(-1, 4)

ax.set_zlim(0, 1)

<a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function"><a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.show.html#matplotlib.pyplot.show" title="matplotlib.pyplot.show" class="sphx-glr-backref-module-matplotlib-pyplot sphx-glr-backref-type-py-function">plt.show</a></a></a>()

</pre></div>

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