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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

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<title>Specifying Colors — Matplotlib 2.0.2.post4416.dev0+g1df513f documentation</title>

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<h3><a href="../../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>

<ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Specifying Colors</a><ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#cn-color-selection"><code class="docutils literal">'CN'</code> color selection</a></li>

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<h1>Specifying Colors<a class="headerlink" href="#specifying-colors" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>

In almost all places in matplotlib where a color can be specified by the user

it can be provided as:

<li>an RGB or RGBA tuple of float values in <code class="docutils literal">[0, 1]</code>

(e.g., <code class="docutils literal">(0.1, 0.2, 0.5)</code> or <code class="docutils literal">(0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.3)</code>)</li>

<li>a hex RGB or RGBA string (e.g., <code class="docutils literal">'#0F0F0F'</code> or <code class="docutils literal">'#0F0F0F0F'</code>)</li>

<li>a string representation of a float value in <code class="docutils literal">[0, 1]</code>

inclusive for gray level (e.g., <code class="docutils literal">'0.5'</code>)</li>

<li>a X11/CSS4 color name</li>

<li>a name from the <a class="reference external" href="https://xkcd.com/color/rgb/">xkcd color survey</a>

prefixed with <code class="docutils literal">'xkcd:'</code> (e.g., <code class="docutils literal">'xkcd:sky blue'</code>)</li>

<li>one of <code class="docutils literal">{'tab:blue', 'tab:orange', 'tab:green',

'tab:red', 'tab:purple', 'tab:brown', 'tab:pink',

'tab:gray', 'tab:olive', 'tab:cyan'}</code> which are the Tableau Colors from the

‘T10’ categorical palette (which is the default color cycle).</li>

</ul>

All string specifications of color are case-insensitive.

<h2><code class="docutils literal">'CN'</code> color selection<a class="headerlink" href="#cn-color-selection" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>

Color can be specified by a string matching the regex <code class="docutils literal">C[0-9]</code>.

This can be passed any place that a color is currently accepted and

can be used as a ‘single character color’ in format-string to

<code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">matplotlib.Axes.plot</code>.

The single digit is the index into the default property cycle

(<code class="docutils literal">matplotlib.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle']</code>). If the property cycle does not

include <code class="docutils literal">'color'</code> then black is returned. The color is evaluated when the

artist is created. For example,

<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib as mpl

th = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 128)

def demo(sty):

<a href="../../api/matplotlib_configuration_api.html#matplotlib.use" title="View documentation for matplotlib.style.use">mpl.style.use</a>(sty)

fig, ax = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="View documentation for matplotlib.pyplot.subplots">plt.subplots</a>(figsize=(3, 3))

ax.set_title('style: {!r}'.format(sty), color='C0')

ax.plot(th, np.cos(th), 'C1', label='C1')

ax.plot(th, np.sin(th), 'C2', label='C2')

ax.legend()

demo('default')

demo('seaborn')

</pre></div>

</div>

</li>

</li>

</ul>

will use the first color for the title and then plot using the second

and third colors of each style’s <code class="docutils literal">mpl.rcParams['axes.prop_cycle']</code>.

</div>

The xkcd colors are derived from a user survey conducted by the

webcomic xkcd. <a class="reference external" href="https://blog.xkcd.com/2010/05/03/color-survey-results/">Details of the survey are available on the xkcd blog</a>.

Out of 148 colors in the CSS color list, there are 95 name collisions

between the X11/CSS4 names and the xkcd names, all but 3 of which have

different hex values. For example <code class="docutils literal">'blue'</code> maps to <code class="docutils literal">'#0000FF'</code>

where as <code class="docutils literal">'xkcd:blue'</code> maps to <code class="docutils literal">'#0343DF'</code>. Due to these name

collisions all of the xkcd colors have <code class="docutils literal">'xkcd:'</code> prefixed. As noted in

the blog post, while it might be interesting to re-define the X11/CSS4 names

based on such a survey, we do not do so unilaterally.

The name collisions are shown in the table below; the color names

where the hex values agree are shown in bold.

<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>import matplotlib._color_data as mcd

import matplotlib.patches as mpatch

overlap = {name for name in mcd.CSS4_COLORS

if "xkcd:" + name in mcd.XKCD_COLORS}

fig = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.figure.figaspect.html#matplotlib.figure" title="View documentation for matplotlib.pyplot.figure">plt.figure</a>(figsize=[4.8, 16])

ax = fig.add_axes([0, 0, 1, 1])

for j, n in enumerate(sorted(overlap, reverse=True)):

weight = None

cn = mcd.CSS4_COLORS[n]

xkcd = mcd.XKCD_COLORS["xkcd:" + n].upper()

if cn == xkcd:

weight = 'bold'

r1 = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="View documentation for matplotlib.patches.Rectangle">mpatch.Rectangle</a>((0, j), 1, 1, color=cn)

r2 = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.patches.Rectangle.html#matplotlib.patches.Rectangle" title="View documentation for matplotlib.patches.Rectangle">mpatch.Rectangle</a>((1, j), 1, 1, color=xkcd)

txt = ax.text(2, j+.5, ' ' + n, va='center', fontsize=10,

weight=weight)

ax.add_patch(r1)

ax.add_patch(r2)

ax.axhline(j, color='k')

ax.text(.5, j + 1.5, 'X11', ha='center', va='center')

ax.text(1.5, j + 1.5, 'xkcd', ha='center', va='center')

ax.set_xlim(0, 3)

ax.set_ylim(0, j + 2)

ax.axis('off')

</pre></div>

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Total running time of the script: ( 0 minutes 0.165 seconds)

<a class="reference download internal" href="../../_downloads/colors.py" download=""><code class="xref download docutils literal">Download Python source code: colors.py</code></a></div>

<a class="reference download internal" href="../../_downloads/colors.ipynb" download=""><code class="xref download docutils literal">Download Jupyter notebook: colors.ipynb</code></a></div>

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