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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

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<title>Customized Colorbars Tutorial — Matplotlib 2.0.2.post4416.dev0+g1df513f documentation</title>

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<h3><a href="../../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>

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<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Customized Colorbars Tutorial</a><ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#customized-colorbars">Customized Colorbars</a><ul>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#basic-continuous-colorbar">Basic continuous colorbar</a></li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#discrete-intervals-colorbar">Discrete intervals colorbar</a></li>

<li><a class="reference internal" href="#colorbar-with-custom-extension-lengths">Colorbar with custom extension lengths</a></li>

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<h1>Customized Colorbars Tutorial<a class="headerlink" href="#customized-colorbars-tutorial" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>

This tutorial shows how to build colorbars without an attached plot.

<h2>Customized Colorbars<a class="headerlink" href="#customized-colorbars" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>

<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/colorbar_api.html#matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase" title="matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">ColorbarBase</code></a> derives from

<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/cm_api.html#matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable" title="matplotlib.cm.ScalarMappable"><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal">ScalarMappable</code></a> and puts a colorbar in a specified axes,

so it has everything needed for a standalone colorbar. It can be used as is to

make a colorbar for a given colormap and does not need a mappable object like

an image. In this tutorial we will explore what can be done with standalone

colorbar.

<h3>Basic continuous colorbar<a class="headerlink" href="#basic-continuous-colorbar" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

Set the colormap and norm to correspond to the data for which the colorbar

will be used. Then create the colorbar by calling

<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/colorbar_api.html#matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase" title="matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">ColorbarBase</code></a> and specify axis, colormap, norm

and orientation as parameters. Here we create a basic continuous colorbar

with ticks and labels. More information on colorbar api can be found

<code class="xref py py-obj docutils literal">here</code>.

<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib as mpl

fig, ax = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="View documentation for matplotlib.pyplot.subplots">plt.subplots</a>()

cmap = mpl.cm.cool

norm = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.Normalize.html#matplotlib.colors.Normalize" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colors.Normalize">mpl.colors.Normalize</a>(vmin=5, vmax=10)

cb1 = <a href="../../api/colorbar_api.html#matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase">mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase</a>(ax, cmap=cmap,

norm=norm,

orientation='horizontal')

cb1.set_label('Some Units')

fig.show()

</pre></div>

</div>

</div>

<h3>Discrete intervals colorbar<a class="headerlink" href="#discrete-intervals-colorbar" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

The second example illustrates the use of a

<a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap.html#matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap" title="matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">ListedColormap</code></a> which generates a colormap from a

set of listed colors, <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal">colors.BoundaryNorm()</code> which generates a colormap

index based on discrete intervals and extended ends to show the “over” and

“under” value colors. Over and under are used to display data outside of the

normalized [0,1] range. Here we pass colors as gray shades as a string

encoding a float in the 0-1 range.

If a <a class="reference internal" href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap.html#matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap" title="matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap"><code class="xref py py-class docutils literal">ListedColormap</code></a> is used, the length of the

bounds array must be one greater than the length of the color list. The

bounds must be monotonically increasing.

This time we pass some more arguments in addition to previous arguments to

display on the colorbar, we have to use the extend keyword argument. To use

extend, you must specify two extra boundaries. Finally spacing argument

ensures that intervals are shown on colorbar proportionally.

<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre>fig, ax = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.pyplot.subplots.html#matplotlib.pyplot.subplots" title="View documentation for matplotlib.pyplot.subplots">plt.subplots</a>()

cmap = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap.html#matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap">mpl.colors.ListedColormap</a>(['red', 'green', 'blue', 'cyan'])

cmap.set_over('0.25')

cmap.set_under('0.75')

bounds = [1, 2, 4, 7, 8]

norm = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.BoundaryNorm.html#matplotlib.colors.BoundaryNorm" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colors.BoundaryNorm">mpl.colors.BoundaryNorm</a>(bounds, cmap.N)

cb2 = <a href="../../api/colorbar_api.html#matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase">mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase</a>(ax, cmap=cmap,

norm=norm,

boundaries=[0] + bounds + [13],

extend='both',

ticks=bounds,

spacing='proportional',

orientation='horizontal')

cb2.set_label('Discrete intervals, some other units')

fig.show()

</pre></div>

</div>

</div>

<h3>Colorbar with custom extension lengths<a class="headerlink" href="#colorbar-with-custom-extension-lengths" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h3>

Here we illustrate the use of custom length colorbar extensions, used on a

colorbar with discrete intervals. To make the length of each extension same

as the length of the interior colors, use <code class="docutils literal">extendfrac='auto'</code>.

cmap = <a href="../../api/_as_gen/matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap.html#matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colors.ListedColormap">mpl.colors.ListedColormap</a>(['royalblue', 'cyan',

'yellow', 'orange'])

cmap.set_over('red')

cmap.set_under('blue')

bounds = [-1.0, -0.5, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0]

cb3 = <a href="../../api/colorbar_api.html#matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase" title="View documentation for matplotlib.colorbar.ColorbarBase">mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase</a>(ax, cmap=cmap,

norm=norm,

boundaries=[-10] + bounds + [10],

extend='both',

extendfrac='auto',

ticks=bounds,

spacing='uniform',

orientation='horizontal')

cb3.set_label('Custom extension lengths, some other units')

fig.show()

</pre></div>

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