{

public ArrayList list;

public MethodBase[] methods;

public bool init = false;

public bool allow_threads = true;

internal MethodBinder()

{

list = new ArrayList();

}

internal MethodBinder(MethodInfo mi)

{

list = new ArrayList { mi };

}

public int Count

{

get { return list.Count; }

}

internal void AddMethod(MethodBase m)

{

list.Add(m);

}

/// <summary>

/// Given a sequence of MethodInfo and a sequence of types, return the

/// MethodInfo that matches the signature represented by those types.

/// </summary>

internal static MethodInfo MatchSignature(MethodInfo[] mi, Type[] tp)

{

if (tp == null)

{

return null;

}

int count = tp.Length;

foreach (MethodInfo t in mi)

{

ParameterInfo[] pi = t.GetParameters();

if (pi.Length != count)

{

continue;

}

for (var n = 0; n < pi.Length; n++)

{

if (tp[n] != pi[n].ParameterType)

{

break;

}

if (n == pi.Length - 1)

{

return t;

}

}

}

return null;

}

/// <summary>

/// Given a sequence of MethodInfo and a sequence of type parameters,

/// return the MethodInfo that represents the matching closed generic.

/// </summary>

internal static MethodInfo MatchParameters(MethodInfo[] mi, Type[] tp)

{

if (tp == null)

{

return null;

}

int count = tp.Length;

foreach (MethodInfo t in mi)

{

if (!t.IsGenericMethodDefinition)

{

continue;

}

Type[] args = t.GetGenericArguments();

if (args.Length != count)

{

continue;

}

return t.MakeGenericMethod(tp);

}

return null;

}

/// <summary>

/// Given a sequence of MethodInfo and two sequences of type parameters,

/// return the MethodInfo that matches the signature and the closed generic.

/// </summary>

internal static MethodInfo MatchSignatureAndParameters(MethodInfo[] mi, Type[] genericTp, Type[] sigTp)

{

if (genericTp == null || sigTp == null)

{

return null;

}

int genericCount = genericTp.Length;

int signatureCount = sigTp.Length;

foreach (MethodInfo t in mi)

{

if (!t.IsGenericMethodDefinition)

{

continue;

}

Type[] genericArgs = t.GetGenericArguments();

if (genericArgs.Length != genericCount)

{

continue;

}

ParameterInfo[] pi = t.GetParameters();

if (pi.Length != signatureCount)

{

continue;

}

for (var n = 0; n < pi.Length; n++)

{

if (sigTp[n] != pi[n].ParameterType)

{

break;

}

if (n == pi.Length - 1)

{

MethodInfo match = t;

if (match.IsGenericMethodDefinition)

{

// FIXME: typeArgs not used

Type[] typeArgs = match.GetGenericArguments();

return match.MakeGenericMethod(genericTp);

}

return match;

}

}

}

return null;

}

/// <summary>

/// Return the array of MethodInfo for this method. The result array

/// is arranged in order of precedence (done lazily to avoid doing it

/// at all for methods that are never called).

/// </summary>

internal MethodBase[] GetMethods()

{

if (!init)

{

// I'm sure this could be made more efficient.

list.Sort(new MethodSorter());

methods = (MethodBase[])list.ToArray(typeof(MethodBase));

init = true;

}

return methods;

}

/// <summary>

/// Precedence algorithm largely lifted from Jython - the concerns are

/// generally the same so we'll start with this and tweak as necessary.

/// </summary>

/// <remarks>

/// Based from Jython `org.python.core.ReflectedArgs.precedence`

/// See: https://github.com/jythontools/jython/blob/master/src/org/python/core/ReflectedArgs.java#L192

/// </remarks>

internal static int GetPrecedence(MethodBase mi)

{

ParameterInfo[] pi = mi.GetParameters();

int val = mi.IsStatic ? 3000 : 0;

int num = pi.Length;

val += mi.IsGenericMethod ? 1 : 0;

for (var i = 0; i < num; i++)

{

val += ArgPrecedence(pi[i].ParameterType);

}

return val;

}

/// <summary>

/// Return a precedence value for a particular Type object.

/// </summary>

internal static int ArgPrecedence(Type t)

{

Type objectType = typeof(object);

if (t == objectType)

{

return 3000;

}

if (t.IsArray)

{

Type e = t.GetElementType();

if (e == objectType)

{

return 2500;

}

return 100 + ArgPrecedence(e);

}

TypeCode tc = Type.GetTypeCode(t);

// TODO: Clean up

switch (tc)

{

case TypeCode.Object:

return 1;

case TypeCode.UInt64:

return 10;

case TypeCode.UInt32:

return 11;

case TypeCode.UInt16:

return 12;

case TypeCode.Int64:

return 13;

case TypeCode.Int32:

return 14;

case TypeCode.Int16:

return 15;

case TypeCode.Char:

return 16;

case TypeCode.SByte:

return 17;

case TypeCode.Byte:

return 18;

case TypeCode.Single:

return 20;

case TypeCode.Double:

return 21;

case TypeCode.String:

return 30;

case TypeCode.Boolean:

return 40;

}

return 2000;

}

/// <summary>

/// Bind the given Python instance and arguments to a particular method

/// overload and return a structure that contains the converted Python

/// instance, converted arguments and the correct method to call.

/// </summary>

internal Binding Bind(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw)

{

return Bind(inst, args, kw, null, null);

}

internal Binding Bind(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw, MethodBase info)

{

return Bind(inst, args, kw, info, null);

}

private readonly struct MatchedMethod {

public MatchedMethod(int kwargsMatched, int defaultsNeeded, object[] margs, int outs, MethodBase mb)

{

KwargsMatched = kwargsMatched;

DefaultsNeeded = defaultsNeeded;

ManagedArgs = margs;

Outs = outs;

Method = mb;

}

public int KwargsMatched { get; }

public int DefaultsNeeded { get; }

public object[] ManagedArgs { get; }

public int Outs { get; }

public MethodBase Method { get; }

}

internal Binding Bind(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw, MethodBase info, MethodInfo[] methodinfo)

{

// loop to find match, return invoker w/ or /wo error

MethodBase[] _methods = null;

var kwargDict = new Dictionary<string, IntPtr>();

if (kw != IntPtr.Zero)

{

var pynkwargs = (int)Runtime.PyDict_Size(kw);

IntPtr keylist = Runtime.PyDict_Keys(kw);

IntPtr valueList = Runtime.PyDict_Values(kw);

for (int i = 0; i < pynkwargs; ++i)

{

var keyStr = Runtime.GetManagedString(Runtime.PyList_GetItem(new BorrowedReference(keylist), i));

kwargDict[keyStr] = Runtime.PyList_GetItem(new BorrowedReference(valueList), i).DangerousGetAddress();

}

Runtime.XDecref(keylist);

Runtime.XDecref(valueList);

}

var pynargs = (int)Runtime.PyTuple_Size(args);

var isGeneric = false;

if (info != null)

{

_methods = new MethodBase[1];

_methods.SetValue(info, 0);

}

else

{

_methods = GetMethods();

}

var argMatchedMethods = new List<MatchedMethod>(_methods.Length);

// TODO: Clean up

foreach (MethodBase mi in _methods)

{

if (mi.IsGenericMethod)

{

isGeneric = true;

}

ParameterInfo[] pi = mi.GetParameters();

ArrayList defaultArgList;

bool paramsArray;

int kwargsMatched;

int defaultsNeeded;

if (!MatchesArgumentCount(pynargs, pi, kwargDict, out paramsArray, out defaultArgList, out kwargsMatched, out defaultsNeeded))

{

continue;

}

var outs = 0;

var margs = TryConvertArguments(pi, paramsArray, args, pynargs, kwargDict, defaultArgList,

needsResolution: _methods.Length > 1,

outs: out outs);

if (margs == null)

{

continue;

}

var matchedMethod = new MatchedMethod(kwargsMatched, defaultsNeeded, margs, outs, mi);

argMatchedMethods.Add(matchedMethod);

}

if (argMatchedMethods.Count > 0)

{

var bestKwargMatchCount = argMatchedMethods.Max(x => x.KwargsMatched);

var fewestDefaultsRequired = argMatchedMethods.Where(x => x.KwargsMatched == bestKwargMatchCount).Min(x => x.DefaultsNeeded);

int bestCount = 0;

int bestMatchIndex = -1;

for (int index = 0; index < argMatchedMethods.Count; index++)

{

var testMatch = argMatchedMethods[index];

if (testMatch.DefaultsNeeded == fewestDefaultsRequired && testMatch.KwargsMatched == bestKwargMatchCount)

{

bestCount++;

if (bestMatchIndex == -1)

bestMatchIndex = index;

}

}

if (bestCount > 1 && fewestDefaultsRequired > 0)

{

// Best effort for determining method to match on gives multiple possible

// matches and we need at least one default argument - bail from this point

return null;

}

// If we're here either:

// (a) There is only one best match

// (b) There are multiple best matches but none of them require

// default arguments

// in the case of (a) we're done by default. For (b) regardless of which

// method we choose, all arguments are specified _and_ can be converted

// from python to C# so picking any will suffice

MatchedMethod bestMatch = argMatchedMethods[bestMatchIndex];

var margs = bestMatch.ManagedArgs;

var outs = bestMatch.Outs;

var mi = bestMatch.Method;

object target = null;

if (!mi.IsStatic && inst != IntPtr.Zero)

{

//CLRObject co = (CLRObject)ManagedType.GetManagedObject(inst);

// InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type

// 'Python.Runtime.ClassObject' to type 'Python.Runtime.CLRObject'

var co = ManagedType.GetManagedObject(inst) as CLRObject;

// Sanity check: this ensures a graceful exit if someone does

// something intentionally wrong like call a non-static method

// on the class rather than on an instance of the class.

// XXX maybe better to do this before all the other rigmarole.

if (co == null)

{

return null;

}

target = co.inst;

}

return new Binding(mi, target, margs, outs);

}

// We weren't able to find a matching method but at least one

// is a generic method and info is null. That happens when a generic

// method was not called using the [] syntax. Let's introspect the

// type of the arguments and use it to construct the correct method.

if (isGeneric && info == null && methodinfo != null)

{

Type[] types = Runtime.PythonArgsToTypeArray(args, true);

MethodInfo mi = MatchParameters(methodinfo, types);

return Bind(inst, args, kw, mi, null);

}

return null;

}

static IntPtr HandleParamsArray(IntPtr args, int arrayStart, int pyArgCount, out bool isNewReference)

{

isNewReference = false;

IntPtr op;

// for a params method, we may have a sequence or single/multiple items

// here we look to see if the item at the paramIndex is there or not

// and then if it is a sequence itself.

if ((pyArgCount - arrayStart) == 1)

{

// we only have one argument left, so we need to check it

// to see if it is a sequence or a single item

IntPtr item = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(args, arrayStart);

if (!Runtime.PyString_Check(item) && Runtime.PySequence_Check(item))

{

// it's a sequence (and not a string), so we use it as the op

op = item;

}

else

{

isNewReference = true;

op = Runtime.PyTuple_GetSlice(args, arrayStart, pyArgCount);

}

}

else

{

isNewReference = true;

op = Runtime.PyTuple_GetSlice(args, arrayStart, pyArgCount);

}

return op;

}

/// <summary>

/// Attempts to convert Python positional argument tuple and keyword argument table

/// into an array of managed objects, that can be passed to a method.

/// </summary>

/// <param name="pi">Information about expected parameters</param>

/// <param name="paramsArray"><c>true</c>, if the last parameter is a params array.</param>

/// <param name="args">A pointer to the Python argument tuple</param>

/// <param name="pyArgCount">Number of arguments, passed by Python</param>

/// <param name="kwargDict">Dictionary of keyword argument name to python object pointer</param>

/// <param name="defaultArgList">A list of default values for omitted parameters</param>

/// <param name="needsResolution"><c>true</c>, if overloading resolution is required</param>

/// <param name="outs">Returns number of output parameters</param>

/// <returns>An array of .NET arguments, that can be passed to a method.</returns>

static object[] TryConvertArguments(ParameterInfo[] pi, bool paramsArray,

IntPtr args, int pyArgCount,

Dictionary<string, IntPtr> kwargDict,

ArrayList defaultArgList,

bool needsResolution,

out int outs)

{

outs = 0;

var margs = new object[pi.Length];

int arrayStart = paramsArray ? pi.Length - 1 : -1;

for (int paramIndex = 0; paramIndex < pi.Length; paramIndex++)

{

var parameter = pi[paramIndex];

bool hasNamedParam = kwargDict.ContainsKey(parameter.Name);

bool isNewReference = false;

if (paramIndex >= pyArgCount && !(hasNamedParam || (paramsArray && paramIndex == arrayStart)))

{

if (defaultArgList != null)

{

margs[paramIndex] = defaultArgList[paramIndex - pyArgCount];

}

continue;

}

IntPtr op;

if (hasNamedParam)

{

op = kwargDict[parameter.Name];

}

else

{

if(arrayStart == paramIndex)

{

op = HandleParamsArray(args, arrayStart, pyArgCount, out isNewReference);

}

else

{

op = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(args, paramIndex);

}

}

bool isOut;

if (!TryConvertArgument(op, parameter.ParameterType, needsResolution, out margs[paramIndex], out isOut))

{

return null;

}

if (isNewReference)

{

// TODO: is this a bug? Should this happen even if the conversion fails?

// GetSlice() creates a new reference but GetItem()

// returns only a borrow reference.

Runtime.XDecref(op);

}

if (isOut)

{

outs++;

}

}

return margs;

}

static bool TryConvertArgument(IntPtr op, Type parameterType, bool needsResolution,

out object arg, out bool isOut)

{

arg = null;

isOut = false;

var clrtype = TryComputeClrArgumentType(parameterType, op, needsResolution: needsResolution);

if (clrtype == null)

{

return false;

}

if (!Converter.ToManaged(op, clrtype, out arg, false))

{

Exceptions.Clear();

return false;

}

isOut = clrtype.IsByRef;

return true;

}

static Type TryComputeClrArgumentType(Type parameterType, IntPtr argument, bool needsResolution)

{

// this logic below handles cases when multiple overloading methods

// are ambiguous, hence comparison between Python and CLR types

// is necessary

Type clrtype = null;

IntPtr pyoptype;

if (needsResolution)

{

// HACK: each overload should be weighted in some way instead

pyoptype = Runtime.PyObject_Type(argument);

Exceptions.Clear();

if (pyoptype != IntPtr.Zero)

{

clrtype = Converter.GetTypeByAlias(pyoptype);

}

Runtime.XDecref(pyoptype);

}

if (clrtype != null)

{

var typematch = false;

if ((parameterType != typeof(object)) && (parameterType != clrtype))

{

IntPtr pytype = Converter.GetPythonTypeByAlias(parameterType);

pyoptype = Runtime.PyObject_Type(argument);

Exceptions.Clear();

if (pyoptype != IntPtr.Zero)

{

if (pytype != pyoptype)

{

typematch = false;

}

else

{

typematch = true;

clrtype = parameterType;

}

}

if (!typematch)

{

// this takes care of enum values

TypeCode argtypecode = Type.GetTypeCode(parameterType);

TypeCode paramtypecode = Type.GetTypeCode(clrtype);

if (argtypecode == paramtypecode)

{

typematch = true;

clrtype = parameterType;

}

}

Runtime.XDecref(pyoptype);

if (!typematch)

{

return null;

}

}

else

{

typematch = true;

clrtype = parameterType;

}

}

else

{

clrtype = parameterType;

}

return clrtype;

}

static bool MatchesArgumentCount(int positionalArgumentCount, ParameterInfo[] parameters,

Dictionary<string, IntPtr> kwargDict,

out bool paramsArray,

out ArrayList defaultArgList,

out int kwargsMatched,

out int defaultsNeeded)

{

defaultArgList = null;

var match = false;

paramsArray = parameters.Length > 0 ? Attribute.IsDefined(parameters[parameters.Length - 1], typeof(ParamArrayAttribute)) : false;

var kwargCount = kwargDict.Count;

kwargsMatched = 0;

defaultsNeeded = 0;

if (positionalArgumentCount == parameters.Length && kwargDict.Count == 0)

{

match = true;

}

else if (positionalArgumentCount < parameters.Length)

{

// every parameter past 'positionalArgumentCount' must have either

// a corresponding keyword argument or a default parameter

match = true;

defaultArgList = new ArrayList();

for (var v = positionalArgumentCount; v < parameters.Length; v++)

{

if (kwargDict.ContainsKey(parameters[v].Name))

{

// we have a keyword argument for this parameter,

// no need to check for a default parameter, but put a null

// placeholder in defaultArgList

defaultArgList.Add(null);

kwargsMatched++;

}

else if (parameters[v].IsOptional)

{

// IsOptional will be true if the parameter has a default value,

// or if the parameter has the [Optional] attribute specified.

// The GetDefaultValue() extension method will return the value

// to be passed in as the parameter value

defaultArgList.Add(parameters[v].GetDefaultValue());

defaultsNeeded++;

}

else if(!paramsArray)

{

match = false;

}

}

}

else if (positionalArgumentCount > parameters.Length && parameters.Length > 0 &&

Attribute.IsDefined(parameters[parameters.Length - 1], typeof(ParamArrayAttribute)))

{

// This is a `foo(params object[] bar)` style method

match = true;

paramsArray = true;

}

return match;

}

internal virtual IntPtr Invoke(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw)

{

return Invoke(inst, args, kw, null, null);

}

internal virtual IntPtr Invoke(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw, MethodBase info)

{

return Invoke(inst, args, kw, info, null);

}

protected static void AppendArgumentTypes(StringBuilder to, IntPtr args)

{

long argCount = Runtime.PyTuple_Size(args);

to.Append("(");

for (long argIndex = 0; argIndex < argCount; argIndex++)

{

var arg = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(args, argIndex);

if (arg != IntPtr.Zero)

{

var type = Runtime.PyObject_Type(arg);

if (type != IntPtr.Zero)

{

try

{

var description = Runtime.PyObject_Unicode(type);

if (description != IntPtr.Zero)

{

to.Append(Runtime.GetManagedString(description));

Runtime.XDecref(description);

}

}

finally

{

Runtime.XDecref(type);

}

}

}

if (argIndex + 1 < argCount)

to.Append(", ");

}

to.Append(')');

}

internal virtual IntPtr Invoke(IntPtr inst, IntPtr args, IntPtr kw, MethodBase info, MethodInfo[] methodinfo)

{

Binding binding = Bind(inst, args, kw, info, methodinfo);

object result;

IntPtr ts = IntPtr.Zero;

if (binding == null)

{

var value = new StringBuilder("No method matches given arguments");

if (methodinfo != null && methodinfo.Length > 0)

{

value.Append($" for {methodinfo[0].Name}");

}

value.Append(": ");

AppendArgumentTypes(to: value, args);

Exceptions.SetError(Exceptions.TypeError, value.ToString());

return IntPtr.Zero;

}

if (allow_threads)

{

ts = PythonEngine.BeginAllowThreads();

}

try

{

result = binding.info.Invoke(binding.inst, BindingFlags.Default, null, binding.args, null);

}

catch (Exception e)

{

if (e.InnerException != null)

{

e = e.InnerException;

}

if (allow_threads)

{

PythonEngine.EndAllowThreads(ts);

}

Exceptions.SetError(e);

return IntPtr.Zero;

}

if (allow_threads)

{

PythonEngine.EndAllowThreads(ts);

}

// If there are out parameters, we return a tuple containing

// the result followed by the out parameters. If there is only

// one out parameter and the return type of the method is void,

// we return the out parameter as the result to Python (for

// code compatibility with ironpython).

var mi = (MethodInfo)binding.info;

if (binding.outs == 1 && mi.ReturnType == typeof(void))

{

}

if (binding.outs > 0)

{

ParameterInfo[] pi = mi.GetParameters();

int c = pi.Length;

var n = 0;

IntPtr t = Runtime.PyTuple_New(binding.outs + 1);

IntPtr v = Converter.ToPython(result, mi.ReturnType);

Runtime.PyTuple_SetItem(t, n, v);

n++;

for (var i = 0; i < c; i++)

{

Type pt = pi[i].ParameterType;

if (pi[i].IsOut || pt.IsByRef)

{

v = Converter.ToPython(binding.args[i], pt.GetElementType());

Runtime.PyTuple_SetItem(t, n, v);

n++;

}

}

if (binding.outs == 1 && mi.ReturnType == typeof(void))

{

v = Runtime.PyTuple_GetItem(t, 1);

Runtime.XIncref(v);

Runtime.XDecref(t);

return v;

}

return t;

}

return Converter.ToPython(result, mi.ReturnType);

}

{

int IComparer.Compare(object m1, object m2)

{

var me1 = (MethodBase)m1;

var me2 = (MethodBase)m2;

if (me1.DeclaringType != me2.DeclaringType)

{

// m2's type derives from m1's type, favor m2

if (me1.DeclaringType.IsAssignableFrom(me2.DeclaringType))

return 1;

// m1's type derives from m2's type, favor m1

if (me2.DeclaringType.IsAssignableFrom(me1.DeclaringType))

return -1;

}

int p1 = MethodBinder.GetPrecedence((MethodBase)m1);

int p2 = MethodBinder.GetPrecedence((MethodBase)m2);

if (p1 < p2)

{

return -1;

}

if (p1 > p2)

{

return 1;

}

return 0;

}

{

public MethodBase info;

public object[] args;

public object inst;

public int outs;

internal Binding(MethodBase info, object inst, object[] args, int outs)

{

this.info = info;

this.inst = inst;

this.args = args;

this.outs = outs;

}

{

public static object GetDefaultValue(this ParameterInfo parameterInfo)

{

// parameterInfo.HasDefaultValue is preferable but doesn't exist in .NET 4.0

bool hasDefaultValue = (parameterInfo.Attributes & ParameterAttributes.HasDefault) ==

ParameterAttributes.HasDefault;

if (hasDefaultValue)

{

return parameterInfo.DefaultValue;

}

else

{

// [OptionalAttribute] was specified for the parameter.

// See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3416216/optionalattribute-parameters-default-value

// for rules on determining the value to pass to the parameter

var type = parameterInfo.ParameterType;

if (type == typeof(object))

return Type.Missing;

else if (type.IsValueType)

return Activator.CreateInstance(type);

else

return null;

}

}