#include <getopt.h>

#include <utmp.h>

#include "alloc-util.h"

#include "conf-files.h"

#include "copy.h"

#include "creds-util.h"

#include "def.h"

#include "dissect-image.h"

#include "fd-util.h"

#include "fileio.h"

#include "format-util.h"

#include "fs-util.h"

#include "hashmap.h"

#include "libcrypt-util.h"

#include "main-func.h"

#include "memory-util.h"

#include "mount-util.h"

#include "nscd-flush.h"

#include "pager.h"

#include "parse-argument.h"

#include "path-util.h"

#include "pretty-print.h"

#include "selinux-util.h"

#include "set.h"

#include "smack-util.h"

#include "specifier.h"

#include "string-util.h"

#include "strv.h"

#include "tmpfile-util-label.h"

#include "uid-range.h"

#include "user-record.h"

#include "user-util.h"

#include "utf8.h"

#include "util.h"

typedef enum ItemType {

} ItemType;

typedef struct Item {

} Item;

static char *arg_root = NULL;

static char *arg_image = NULL;

static bool arg_cat_config = false;

static const char *arg_replace = NULL;

static bool arg_inline = false;

static PagerFlags arg_pager_flags = 0;

static OrderedHashmap *users = NULL, *groups = NULL;

static OrderedHashmap *todo_uids = NULL, *todo_gids = NULL;

static OrderedHashmap *members = NULL;

static Hashmap *database_by_uid = NULL, *database_by_username = NULL;

static Hashmap *database_by_gid = NULL, *database_by_groupname = NULL;

static Set *database_users = NULL, *database_groups = NULL;

static uid_t search_uid = UID_INVALID;

static UidRange *uid_range = NULL;

static unsigned n_uid_range = 0;

static UGIDAllocationRange login_defs = {};

static bool login_defs_need_warning = false;

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(groups, ordered_hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(users, ordered_hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(members, ordered_hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(todo_uids, ordered_hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(todo_gids, ordered_hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_uid, hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_username, hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_users, set_free_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_gid, hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_by_groupname, hashmap_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(database_groups, set_free_freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(uid_range, freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_root, freep);

STATIC_DESTRUCTOR_REGISTER(arg_image, freep);

static int errno_is_not_exists(int code) {

/* See getpwnam(3) and getgrnam(3): those codes and others can be returned if the user or group are

return IN_SET(code, 0, ENOENT, ESRCH, EBADF, EPERM);

}

static void maybe_emit_login_defs_warning(void) {

if (!login_defs_need_warning)

return;

if (login_defs.system_alloc_uid_min != SYSTEM_ALLOC_UID_MIN ||

login_defs.system_uid_max != SYSTEM_UID_MAX)

log_warning("login.defs specifies UID allocation range "UID_FMT"–"UID_FMT

" that is different than the built-in defaults ("UID_FMT"–"UID_FMT")",

login_defs.system_alloc_uid_min, login_defs.system_uid_max,

SYSTEM_ALLOC_UID_MIN, SYSTEM_UID_MAX);

if (login_defs.system_alloc_gid_min != SYSTEM_ALLOC_GID_MIN ||

login_defs.system_gid_max != SYSTEM_GID_MAX)

log_warning("login.defs specifies GID allocation range "GID_FMT"–"GID_FMT

" that is different than the built-in defaults ("GID_FMT"–"GID_FMT")",

login_defs.system_alloc_gid_min, login_defs.system_gid_max,

SYSTEM_ALLOC_GID_MIN, SYSTEM_GID_MAX);

login_defs_need_warning = false;

}

static int load_user_database(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;

const char *passwd_path;

struct passwd *pw;

int r;

passwd_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/passwd");

f = fopen(passwd_path, "re");

if (!f)

return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_username, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_uid, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = set_ensure_allocated(&database_users, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

while ((r = fgetpwent_sane(f, &pw)) > 0) {

char *n;

int k, q;

n = strdup(pw->pw_name);

if (!n)

return -ENOMEM;

k = set_put(database_users, n);

if (k < 0) {

free(n);

return k;

}

k = hashmap_put(database_by_username, n, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid));

if (k < 0 && k != -EEXIST)

return k;

q = hashmap_put(database_by_uid, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid), n);

if (q < 0 && q != -EEXIST)

return q;

}

return r;

}

static int load_group_database(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *f = NULL;

const char *group_path;

struct group *gr;

int r;

group_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/group");

f = fopen(group_path, "re");

if (!f)

return errno == ENOENT ? 0 : -errno;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_groupname, &string_hash_ops);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = hashmap_ensure_allocated(&database_by_gid, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = set_ensure_allocated(&database_groups, NULL);

if (r < 0)

return r;

while ((r = fgetgrent_sane(f, &gr)) > 0) {

char *n;

int k, q;

n = strdup(gr->gr_name);

if (!n)

return -ENOMEM;

k = set_put(database_groups, n);

if (k < 0) {

free(n);

return k;

}

k = hashmap_put(database_by_groupname, n, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid));

if (k < 0 && k != -EEXIST)

return k;

q = hashmap_put(database_by_gid, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid), n);

if (q < 0 && q != -EEXIST)

return q;

}

return r;

}

static int make_backup(const char *target, const char *x) {

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *dst_tmp = NULL;

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *dst = NULL;

_cleanup_close_ int src = -1;

const char *backup;

struct stat st;

int r;

assert(target);

assert(x);

src = open(x, O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC|O_NOCTTY);

if (src < 0) {

if (errno == ENOENT) /* No backup necessary... */

return 0;

return -errno;

}

if (fstat(src, &st) < 0)

return -errno;

r = fopen_temporary_label(

target, /* The path for which to the lookup the label */

x, /* Where we want the file actually to end up */

&dst,

&dst_tmp /* The temporary file we write to */);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = copy_bytes(src, fileno(dst), UINT64_MAX, COPY_REFLINK);

if (r < 0)

return r;

backup = strjoina(x, "-");

/* Copy over the access mask. Don't fail on chmod() or chown(). If it stays owned by us and/or

r = fchmod_and_chown(fileno(dst), st.st_mode & 07777, st.st_uid, st.st_gid);

if (r < 0)

log_warning_errno(r, "Failed to change access mode or ownership of %s: %m", backup);

if (futimens(fileno(dst), (const struct timespec[2]) { st.st_atim, st.st_mtim }) < 0)

log_warning_errno(errno, "Failed to fix access and modification time of %s: %m", backup);

r = fsync_full(fileno(dst));

if (r < 0)

return r;

if (rename(dst_tmp, backup) < 0)

return errno;

dst_tmp = mfree(dst_tmp); /* disable the unlink_and_freep() hook now that the file has been renamed */

return 0;

}

static int putgrent_with_members(const struct group *gr, FILE *group) {

char **a;

assert(gr);

assert(group);

a = ordered_hashmap_get(members, gr->gr_name);

if (a) {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;

bool added = false;

char **i;

l = strv_copy(gr->gr_mem);

if (!l)

return -ENOMEM;

STRV_FOREACH(i, a) {

if (strv_find(l, *i))

continue;

if (strv_extend(&l, *i) < 0)

return -ENOMEM;

added = true;

}

if (added) {

struct group t;

int r;

strv_uniq(l);

strv_sort(l);

t = *gr;

t.gr_mem = l;

r = putgrent_sane(&t, group);

return r < 0 ? r : 1;

}

}

return putgrent_sane(gr, group);

}

#if ENABLE_GSHADOW

static int putsgent_with_members(const struct sgrp *sg, FILE *gshadow) {

char **a;

assert(sg);

assert(gshadow);

a = ordered_hashmap_get(members, sg->sg_namp);

if (a) {

_cleanup_strv_free_ char **l = NULL;

bool added = false;

char **i;

l = strv_copy(sg->sg_mem);

if (!l)

return -ENOMEM;

STRV_FOREACH(i, a) {

if (strv_find(l, *i))

continue;

if (strv_extend(&l, *i) < 0)

return -ENOMEM;

added = true;

}

if (added) {

struct sgrp t;

int r;

strv_uniq(l);

strv_sort(l);

t = *sg;

t.sg_mem = l;

r = putsgent_sane(&t, gshadow);

return r < 0 ? r : 1;

}

}

return putsgent_sane(sg, gshadow);

}

static const char* default_shell(uid_t uid) {

return uid == 0 ? "/bin/sh" : NOLOGIN;

}

static int write_temporary_passwd(const char *passwd_path, FILE **tmpfile, char **tmpfile_path) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *passwd = NULL;

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *passwd_tmp = NULL;

struct passwd *pw = NULL;

Item *i;

int r;

if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_uids) == 0)

return 0;

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/passwd", passwd_path, &passwd, &passwd_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open temporary copy of %s: %m", passwd_path);

original = fopen(passwd_path, "re");

if (original) {

/* Allow fallback path for when /proc is not mounted. On any normal system /proc will be

r = copy_rights_with_fallback(fileno(original), fileno(passwd), passwd_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to copy permissions from %s to %s: %m",

passwd_path, passwd_tmp);

while ((r = fgetpwent_sane(original, &pw)) > 0) {

i = ordered_hashmap_get(users, pw->pw_name);

if (i && i->todo_user)

return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),

"%s: User \"%s\" already exists.",

passwd_path, pw->pw_name);

if (ordered_hashmap_contains(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(pw->pw_uid)))

return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),

"%s: Detected collision for UID " UID_FMT ".",

passwd_path, pw->pw_uid);

/* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */

if (IN_SET(pw->pw_name[0], '+', '-'))

break;

r = putpwent_sane(pw, passwd);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing user \"%s\" to temporary passwd file: %m",

pw->pw_name);

}

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", passwd_path);

} else {

if (errno != ENOENT)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", passwd_path);

if (fchmod(fileno(passwd), 0644) < 0)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to fchmod %s: %m", passwd_tmp);

}

ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_uids) {

_cleanup_free_ char *creds_shell = NULL, *cn = NULL;

struct passwd n = {

.pw_name = i->name,

.pw_uid = i->uid,

.pw_gid = i->gid,

.pw_gecos = i->description,

/* "x" means the password is stored in the shadow file */

.pw_passwd = (char*) PASSWORD_SEE_SHADOW,

/* We default to the root directory as home */

.pw_dir = i->home ?: (char*) "/",

/* Initialize the shell to nologin, with one exception:

.pw_shell = i->shell ?: (char*) default_shell(i->uid),

};

/* Try to pick up the shell for this account via the credentials logic */

cn = strjoin("passwd.shell.", i->name);

if (!cn)

return -ENOMEM;

r = read_credential(cn, (void**) &creds_shell, NULL);

if (r < 0)

log_debug_errno(r, "Couldn't read credential '%s', ignoring: %m", cn);

else

n.pw_shell = creds_shell;

r = putpwent_sane(&n, passwd);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add new user \"%s\" to temporary passwd file: %m",

pw->pw_name);

}

/* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */

while (pw) {

r = putpwent_sane(pw, passwd);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing user \"%s\" to temporary passwd file: %m",

pw->pw_name);

r = fgetpwent_sane(original, &pw);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", passwd_path);

if (r == 0)

break;

}

r = fflush_and_check(passwd);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to flush %s: %m", passwd_tmp);

*tmpfile = TAKE_PTR(passwd);

*tmpfile_path = TAKE_PTR(passwd_tmp);

return 0;

}

static int write_temporary_shadow(const char *shadow_path, FILE **tmpfile, char **tmpfile_path) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *shadow = NULL;

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *shadow_tmp = NULL;

struct spwd *sp = NULL;

long lstchg;

Item *i;

int r;

if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_uids) == 0)

return 0;

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/shadow", shadow_path, &shadow, &shadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open temporary copy of %s: %m", shadow_path);

lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY);

original = fopen(shadow_path, "re");

if (original) {

r = copy_rights_with_fallback(fileno(original), fileno(shadow), shadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to copy permissions from %s to %s: %m",

shadow_path, shadow_tmp);

while ((r = fgetspent_sane(original, &sp)) > 0) {

i = ordered_hashmap_get(users, sp->sp_namp);

if (i && i->todo_user) {

/* we will update the existing entry */

sp->sp_lstchg = lstchg;

/* only the /etc/shadow stage is left, so we can

i->todo_user = false;

ordered_hashmap_remove(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(i->uid));

}

/* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */

if (IN_SET(sp->sp_namp[0], '+', '-'))

break;

r = putspent_sane(sp, shadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing user \"%s\" to temporary shadow file: %m",

sp->sp_namp);

}

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", shadow_path);

} else {

if (errno != ENOENT)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", shadow_path);

if (fchmod(fileno(shadow), 0000) < 0)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to fchmod %s: %m", shadow_tmp);

}

ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_uids) {

_cleanup_(erase_and_freep) char *creds_password = NULL;

_cleanup_free_ char *cn = NULL;

struct spwd n = {

.sp_namp = i->name,

.sp_pwdp = (char*) PASSWORD_LOCKED_AND_INVALID,

.sp_lstchg = lstchg,

.sp_min = -1,

.sp_max = -1,

.sp_warn = -1,

.sp_inact = -1,

.sp_expire = -1,

.sp_flag = ULONG_MAX, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */

};

/* Try to pick up the password for this account via the credentials logic */

cn = strjoin("passwd.hashed-password.", i->name);

if (!cn)

return -ENOMEM;

r = read_credential(cn, (void**) &creds_password, NULL);

if (r == -ENOENT) {

_cleanup_(erase_and_freep) char *plaintext_password = NULL;

free(cn);

cn = strjoin("passwd.plaintext-password.", i->name);

if (!cn)

return -ENOMEM;

r = read_credential(cn, (void**) &plaintext_password, NULL);

if (r < 0)

log_debug_errno(r, "Couldn't read credential '%s', ignoring: %m", cn);

else {

r = hash_password(plaintext_password, &creds_password);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to hash password: %m");

}

} else if (r < 0)

log_debug_errno(r, "Couldn't read credential '%s', ignoring: %m", cn);

if (creds_password)

n.sp_pwdp = creds_password;

r = putspent_sane(&n, shadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add new user \"%s\" to temporary shadow file: %m",

sp->sp_namp);

}

/* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */

while (sp) {

r = putspent_sane(sp, shadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing user \"%s\" to temporary shadow file: %m",

sp->sp_namp);

r = fgetspent_sane(original, &sp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", shadow_path);

if (r == 0)

break;

}

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

r = fflush_sync_and_check(shadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to flush %s: %m", shadow_tmp);

*tmpfile = TAKE_PTR(shadow);

*tmpfile_path = TAKE_PTR(shadow_tmp);

return 0;

}

static int write_temporary_group(const char *group_path, FILE **tmpfile, char **tmpfile_path) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *group = NULL;

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *group_tmp = NULL;

bool group_changed = false;

struct group *gr = NULL;

Item *i;

int r;

if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_gids) == 0 && ordered_hashmap_size(members) == 0)

return 0;

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/group", group_path, &group, &group_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open temporary copy of %s: %m", group_path);

original = fopen(group_path, "re");

if (original) {

r = copy_rights_with_fallback(fileno(original), fileno(group), group_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to copy permissions from %s to %s: %m",

group_path, group_tmp);

while ((r = fgetgrent_sane(original, &gr)) > 0) {

/* Safety checks against name and GID collisions. Normally,

i = ordered_hashmap_get(groups, gr->gr_name);

if (i && i->todo_group)

return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),

"%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.",

group_path, gr->gr_name);

if (ordered_hashmap_contains(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(gr->gr_gid)))

return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),

"%s: Detected collision for GID " GID_FMT ".",

group_path, gr->gr_gid);

/* Make sure we keep the NIS entries (if any) at the end. */

if (IN_SET(gr->gr_name[0], '+', '-'))

break;

r = putgrent_with_members(gr, group);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing group \"%s\" to temporary group file: %m",

gr->gr_name);

if (r > 0)

group_changed = true;

}

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", group_path);

} else {

if (errno != ENOENT)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", group_path);

if (fchmod(fileno(group), 0644) < 0)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to fchmod %s: %m", group_tmp);

}

ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_gids) {

struct group n = {

.gr_name = i->name,

.gr_gid = i->gid,

.gr_passwd = (char*) PASSWORD_SEE_SHADOW,

};

r = putgrent_with_members(&n, group);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add new group \"%s\" to temporary group file: %m",

gr->gr_name);

group_changed = true;

}

/* Append the remaining NIS entries if any */

while (gr) {

r = putgrent_sane(gr, group);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing group \"%s\" to temporary group file: %m",

gr->gr_name);

r = fgetgrent_sane(original, &gr);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to read %s: %m", group_path);

if (r == 0)

break;

}

r = fflush_sync_and_check(group);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to flush %s: %m", group_tmp);

if (group_changed) {

*tmpfile = TAKE_PTR(group);

*tmpfile_path = TAKE_PTR(group_tmp);

}

return 0;

}

static int write_temporary_gshadow(const char * gshadow_path, FILE **tmpfile, char **tmpfile_path) {

#if ENABLE_GSHADOW

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *original = NULL, *gshadow = NULL;

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *gshadow_tmp = NULL;

bool group_changed = false;

Item *i;

int r;

if (ordered_hashmap_size(todo_gids) == 0 && ordered_hashmap_size(members) == 0)

return 0;

r = fopen_temporary_label("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path, &gshadow, &gshadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to open temporary copy of %s: %m", gshadow_path);

original = fopen(gshadow_path, "re");

if (original) {

struct sgrp *sg;

r = copy_rights_with_fallback(fileno(original), fileno(gshadow), gshadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to copy permissions from %s to %s: %m",

gshadow_path, gshadow_tmp);

while ((r = fgetsgent_sane(original, &sg)) > 0) {

i = ordered_hashmap_get(groups, sg->sg_namp);

if (i && i->todo_group)

return log_error_errno(SYNTHETIC_ERRNO(EEXIST),

"%s: Group \"%s\" already exists.",

gshadow_path, sg->sg_namp);

r = putsgent_with_members(sg, gshadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add existing group \"%s\" to temporary gshadow file: %m",

sg->sg_namp);

if (r > 0)

group_changed = true;

}

if (r < 0)

return r;

} else {

if (errno != ENOENT)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to open %s: %m", gshadow_path);

if (fchmod(fileno(gshadow), 0000) < 0)

return log_debug_errno(errno, "Failed to fchmod %s: %m", gshadow_tmp);

}

ORDERED_HASHMAP_FOREACH(i, todo_gids) {

struct sgrp n = {

.sg_namp = i->name,

.sg_passwd = (char*) PASSWORD_LOCKED_AND_INVALID,

};

r = putsgent_with_members(&n, gshadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to add new group \"%s\" to temporary gshadow file: %m",

n.sg_namp);

group_changed = true;

}

r = fflush_sync_and_check(gshadow);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to flush %s: %m", gshadow_tmp);

if (group_changed) {

*tmpfile = TAKE_PTR(gshadow);

*tmpfile_path = TAKE_PTR(gshadow_tmp);

}

return 0;

}

static int write_files(void) {

_cleanup_fclose_ FILE *passwd = NULL, *group = NULL, *shadow = NULL, *gshadow = NULL;

_cleanup_(unlink_and_freep) char *passwd_tmp = NULL, *group_tmp = NULL, *shadow_tmp = NULL, *gshadow_tmp = NULL;

const char *passwd_path, *shadow_path, *group_path, *gshadow_path;

int r;

passwd_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/passwd");

shadow_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/shadow");

group_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/group");

gshadow_path = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/gshadow");

r = write_temporary_group(group_path, &group, &group_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = write_temporary_gshadow(gshadow_path, &gshadow, &gshadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = write_temporary_passwd(passwd_path, &passwd, &passwd_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return r;

r = write_temporary_shadow(shadow_path, &shadow, &shadow_tmp);

if (r < 0)

return r;

/* Make a backup of the old files */

if (group) {

r = make_backup("/etc/group", group_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to make backup %s: %m", group_path);

}

if (gshadow) {

r = make_backup("/etc/gshadow", gshadow_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to make backup %s: %m", gshadow_path);

}

if (passwd) {

r = make_backup("/etc/passwd", passwd_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to make backup %s: %m", passwd_path);

}

if (shadow) {

r = make_backup("/etc/shadow", shadow_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to make backup %s: %m", shadow_path);

}

/* And make the new files count */

if (group) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(group_tmp, group_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to rename %s to %s: %m",

group_tmp, group_path);

group_tmp = mfree(group_tmp);

if (!arg_root && !arg_image)

(void) nscd_flush_cache(STRV_MAKE("group"));

}

if (gshadow) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(gshadow_tmp, gshadow_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to rename %s to %s: %m",

gshadow_tmp, gshadow_path);

gshadow_tmp = mfree(gshadow_tmp);

}

if (passwd) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(passwd_tmp, passwd_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to rename %s to %s: %m",

passwd_tmp, passwd_path);

passwd_tmp = mfree(passwd_tmp);

if (!arg_root && !arg_image)

(void) nscd_flush_cache(STRV_MAKE("passwd"));

}

if (shadow) {

r = rename_and_apply_smack_floor_label(shadow_tmp, shadow_path);

if (r < 0)

return log_debug_errno(r, "Failed to rename %s to %s: %m",

shadow_tmp, shadow_path);

shadow_tmp = mfree(shadow_tmp);

}

return 0;

}

static int uid_is_ok(uid_t uid, const char *name, bool check_with_gid) {

/* Let's see if we already have assigned the UID a second time */

if (ordered_hashmap_get(todo_uids, UID_TO_PTR(uid)))

return 0;

/* Try to avoid using uids that are already used by a group

if (check_with_gid) {

Item *i;

i = ordered_hashmap_get(todo_gids, GID_TO_PTR(uid));

if (i && !streq(i->name, name))

return 0;

}

/* Let's check the files directly */

if (hashmap_contains(database_by_uid, UID_TO_PTR(uid)))

return 0;

if (check_with_gid) {

const char *n;

n = hashmap_get(database_by_gid, GID_TO_PTR(uid));

if (n && !streq(n, name))

return 0;

}

/* Let's also check via NSS, to avoid UID clashes over LDAP and such, just in case */

if (!arg_root) {

struct passwd *p;

struct group *g;

errno = 0;

p = getpwuid(uid);

if (p)

return 0;

if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

if (check_with_gid) {

errno = 0;

g = getgrgid((gid_t) uid);

if (g) {

if (!streq(g->gr_name, name))

return 0;

} else if (!IN_SET(errno, 0, ENOENT))

return -errno;

}

}

return 1;

}

static int root_stat(const char *p, struct stat *st) {

const char *fix;

fix = prefix_roota(arg_root, p);

if (stat(fix, st) < 0)

return -errno;

return 0;

}

static int read_id_from_file(Item *i, uid_t *_uid, gid_t *_gid) {

struct stat st;

bool found_uid = false, found_gid = false;

uid_t uid = 0;

gid_t gid = 0;

assert(i);

/* First, try to get the gid directly */

if (_gid && i->gid_path && root_stat(i->gid_path, &st) >= 0) {

gid = st.st_gid;

found_gid = true;

}

/* Then, try to get the uid directly */

if ((_uid || (_gid && !found_gid))

&& i->uid_path

&& root_stat(i->uid_path, &st) >= 0) {

uid = st.st_uid;

found_uid = true;

/* If we need the gid, but had no success yet, also derive it from the uid path */

if (_gid && !found_gid) {

gid = st.st_gid;

found_gid = true;

}

}

/* If that didn't work yet, then let's reuse the gid as uid */

if (_uid && !found_uid && i->gid_path) {

if (found_gid) {

uid = (uid_t) gid;

found_uid = true;