TestSizeof() : TestFixture("TestSizeof") {

}

Settings settings;

void run() {

settings.addEnabled("warning");

settings.addEnabled("portability");

settings.inconclusive = true;

TEST_CASE(sizeofsizeof);

TEST_CASE(sizeofCalculation);

TEST_CASE(checkPointerSizeof);

TEST_CASE(checkPointerSizeofStruct);

TEST_CASE(sizeofDivisionMemset);

TEST_CASE(sizeofForArrayParameter);

TEST_CASE(sizeofForNumericParameter);

TEST_CASE(suspiciousSizeofCalculation);

TEST_CASE(sizeofVoid);

TEST_CASE(customStrncat);

}

void check(const char code[]) {

// Clear the error buffer..

errout.str("");

// Tokenize..

Tokenizer tokenizer(&settings, this);

std::istringstream istr(code);

tokenizer.tokenize(istr, "test.cpp");

// Check...

CheckSizeof checkSizeof(&tokenizer, &settings, this);

checkSizeof.runChecks(&tokenizer, &settings, this);

}

void sizeofsizeof() {

check("void foo()\n"

"{\n"

" int i = sizeof sizeof char;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Calling 'sizeof' on 'sizeof'.\n", errout.str());

check("void foo()\n"

"{\n"

" int i = sizeof (sizeof long);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Calling 'sizeof' on 'sizeof'.\n", errout.str());

check("void foo(long *p)\n"

"{\n"

" int i = sizeof (sizeof (p));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Calling 'sizeof' on 'sizeof'.\n", errout.str());

}

void sizeofCalculation() {

check("int a, b; int a,sizeof(a+b)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

check("int a, b; sizeof(a*b)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

check("int a, b; sizeof(-a)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

check("int a, b; sizeof(*a)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("sizeof(void * const)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("sizeof(int*[2])");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("sizeof(Fred**)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("sizeof(foo++)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

check("sizeof(--foo)");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

// #6888

check("int f(int i) {\n"

" $($void$)$sizeof$($i $!= $2$);\n" // '$' sets Token::isExpandedMacro() to true

" $($void$)$($($($($sizeof$($i $!= $2$)$)$)$)$);\n"

" $static_cast<void>$($sizeof($i $!= $2$)$);\n"

" $static_cast<void>$($($($($($sizeof$($i $!= $2$)$)$)$)$)$);\n"

" return i + foo(1);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("int f(int i) {\n"

" $sizeof$($i $!= $2$);\n"

" $($($sizeof($i $!= 2$)$)$);\n"

" return i + foo(1);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning, inconclusive) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n"

"[test.cpp:3]: (warning, inconclusive) Found calculation inside sizeof().\n", errout.str());

}

void sizeofForArrayParameter() {

check("void f() {\n"

" int a[10];\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" unsigned int a = 2;\n"

" unsigned int b = 2;\n"

" int c[(a+b)];\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(c) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" unsigned int a = { 2 };\n"

" unsigned int b[] = { 0 };\n"

" int c[a[b[0]]];\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(c) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" unsigned int a[] = { 1 };\n"

" unsigned int b = 2;\n"

" int c[(a[0]+b)];\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(c) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int a[] = { 1, 2, 3 };\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int a[3] = { 1, 2, 3 };\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f( int a[]) {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Using 'sizeof' on array given as "

"function argument returns size of a pointer.\n", errout.str());

check("void f( int a[]) {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof a / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Using 'sizeof' on array given as "

"function argument returns size of a pointer.\n", errout.str());

check("void f( int a[3] ) {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Using 'sizeof' on array given as "

"function argument returns size of a pointer.\n", errout.str());

check("typedef char Fixname[1000];\n"

"int f2(Fixname& f2v) {\n"

" int i = sizeof(f2v);\n"

" printf(\"sizeof f2v %d\n\", i);\n"

" }\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f(int *p) {\n"

" p[0] = 0;\n"

" int unused = sizeof(p);\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" char p[] = \"test\";\n"

" int unused = sizeof(p);\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

// ticket #2495

check("void f() {\n"

" static float col[][3]={\n"

" {1,0,0},\n"

" {0,0,1},\n"

" {0,1,0},\n"

" {1,0,1},\n"

" {1,0,1},\n"

" {1,0,1},\n"

" };\n"

" const int COL_MAX=sizeof(col)/sizeof(col[0]);\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

// ticket #155

check("void f() {\n"

" char buff1[1024*64],buff2[sizeof(buff1)*2];\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

// ticket #2510

check("void f( int a[], int b) {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Using 'sizeof' on array given as "

"function argument returns size of a pointer.\n", errout.str());

// ticket #2510

check("void f( int a[3] , int b[2] ) {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(a) / sizeof(int) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Using 'sizeof' on array given as "

"function argument returns size of a pointer.\n", errout.str());

// ticket #2510

check("void f() {\n"

" char buff1[1024*64],buff2[sizeof(buff1)*(2+1)];\n"

"}\n"

);

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

}

void sizeofForNumericParameter() {

check("void f() {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(10) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Suspicious usage of 'sizeof' with a numeric constant as parameter.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof(-10) << std::endl;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Suspicious usage of 'sizeof' with a numeric constant as parameter.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof 10 << std::endl;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Suspicious usage of 'sizeof' with a numeric constant as parameter.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" std::cout << sizeof -10 << std::endl;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Suspicious usage of 'sizeof' with a numeric constant as parameter.\n", errout.str());

}

void suspiciousSizeofCalculation() {

check("int* p;\n"

"return sizeof(p)/5;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning, inconclusive) Division of result of sizeof() on pointer type.\n", errout.str());

check("unknown p;\n"

"return sizeof(p)/5;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("return sizeof(unknown)/5;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("int p;\n"

"return sizeof(p)/5;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("int* p[5];\n"

"return sizeof(p)/5;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("return sizeof(foo)*sizeof(bar);");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:1]: (warning, inconclusive) Multiplying sizeof() with sizeof() indicates a logic error.\n", errout.str());

check("return (foo)*sizeof(bar);");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("return sizeof(foo)*bar;");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("return (end - source) / sizeof(encode_block_type) * sizeof(encode_block_type);");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

}

void checkPointerSizeof() {

check("void f() {\n"

" char *x = malloc(10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(*x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(&x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(100 * sizeof(x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(x) * 100);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof *x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(100 * sizeof x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = calloc(1, sizeof(*x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = calloc(1, sizeof *x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = calloc(1, sizeof(x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = calloc(1, sizeof x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = calloc(1, sizeof(int));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" char x[10];\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(x));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" char* x[10];\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(x));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" char x[10];\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(int));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(*x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof *x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof x);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int));\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(x));\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(x) * 10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof x * 10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (warning) Size of pointer 'x' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(*x) * 10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof *x * 10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" int *x = malloc(sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" memset(x, 0, sizeof(int) * 10);\n"

" free(x);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check(

"int fun(const char *buf1)\n"

"{\n"

" const char *buf1_ex = \"foobarbaz\";\n"

" return strncmp(buf1, buf1_ex, sizeof(buf1_ex)) == 0;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (warning) Size of pointer 'buf1_ex' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

check(

"int fun(const char *buf1) {\n"

" return strncmp(buf1, foo(buf2), sizeof(buf1)) == 0;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Size of pointer 'buf1' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

// #ticket 3874

check("void f()\n"

"{\n"

" int * pIntArray[10];\n"

" memset(pIntArray, 0, sizeof(pIntArray));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void FreeFileName(const char *s) {\n"

" CxString tbuf;\n"

" const char *p;\n"

" memcpy(s, siezof(s));\n" // non-standard memcpy

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("int f() {\n"

" module_config_t *tab = module;\n"

" memset(tab + confsize, 0, sizeof(tab[confsize]));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("int f(char* aug) {\n"

" memmove(aug + extra_string, aug, buf - (bfd_byte *)aug);\n" // #7100

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

}

void checkPointerSizeofStruct() {

check("void f() {\n"

" struct foo *ptr;\n"

" memset( ptr->bar, 0, sizeof ptr->bar );\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" struct foo {\n"

" char bar[10];\n"

" }* ptr;\n"

" memset( ptr->bar, 0, sizeof ptr->bar );\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" struct foo {\n"

" char *bar;\n"

" }* ptr;\n"

" memset( ptr->bar, 0, sizeof ptr->bar );\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (warning) Size of pointer 'bar' used instead of size of its data.\n", errout.str());

}

void sizeofDivisionMemset() {

check("void foo(memoryMapEntry_t* entry, memoryMapEntry_t* memoryMapEnd) {\n"

" memmove(entry, entry + 1, (memoryMapEnd - entry) / sizeof(entry));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Division by result of sizeof(). memmove() expects a size in bytes, did you intend to multiply instead?\n", errout.str());

check("Foo* allocFoo(int num) {\n"

" return malloc(num / sizeof(Foo));\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (warning) Division by result of sizeof(). malloc() expects a size in bytes, did you intend to multiply instead?\n", errout.str());

}

void sizeofVoid() {

check("void f() {\n"

" int size = sizeof(void);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (portability) Behaviour of 'sizeof(void)' is not covered by the ISO C standard.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void* p;\n"

" int size = sizeof(*p);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (portability) '*p' is of type 'void', the behaviour of 'sizeof(void)' is not covered by the ISO C standard.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void* p = malloc(10);\n"

" int* p2 = p + 4;\n"

" int* p3 = p - 1;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:3]: (portability) 'p' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n"

"[test.cpp:4]: (portability) 'p' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void* p1 = malloc(10);\n"

" void* p2 = malloc(5);\n"

" p1--;\n"

" p2++;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:4]: (portability) 'p1' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n"

"[test.cpp:5]: (portability) 'p2' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void* p = malloc(10);\n"

" int* p2 = &p + 4;\n"

" int* p3 = &p - 1;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void** p1 = malloc(10);\n"

" p1--;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void** p1;\n"

" int j = sizeof(*p1);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f() {\n"

" void* p1[5];\n"

" int j = sizeof(*p1);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

// Calculations on void* with casts

check("void f(void *data) {\n"

" *((unsigned char *)data + 1) = 0;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f(void *data) {\n"

" *((unsigned char *)(data) + 1) = 0;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("void f(void *data) {\n"

" unsigned char* c = (unsigned char *)(data + 1);\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (portability) 'data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("void f(void *data) {\n"

" unsigned char* c = (unsigned char *)data++;\n"

" unsigned char* c2 = (unsigned char *)++data;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (portability) 'data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n"

"[test.cpp:3]: (portability) 'data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("void f(void *data) {\n"

" void* data2 = (void *)data + 1;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:2]: (portability) 'data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

// #4908 (void pointer as a member of a struct/class)

check("struct FOO {\n"

" void *data;\n"

"};\n"

"char f(struct FOO foo) {\n"

" char x = *((char*)(foo.data+1));\n"

" foo.data++;\n"

" return x;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (portability) 'foo.data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n"

"[test.cpp:6]: (portability) 'foo.data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("struct FOO {\n"

" void *data;\n"

"};\n"

"char f(struct FOO foo) {\n"

" char x = *((char*)foo.data+1);\n"

" return x;\n"

"}\n"

"char f2(struct FOO foo) {\n"

" char x = *((char*)((FOO)foo).data + 1);\n"

" return x;\n"

"}\n"

"char f3(struct FOO* foo) {\n"

" char x = *((char*)foo->data + 1);\n"

" return x;\n"

"}\n"

"struct BOO {\n"

" FOO data;\n"

"};\n"

"void f4(struct BOO* boo) {\n"

" char c = *((char*)boo->data.data + 1);\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

check("struct FOO {\n"

" void *data;\n"

"};\n"

"char f(struct FOO* foo) {\n"

" *(foo[1].data + 1) = 0;\n"

"}\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (portability) 'foo[1].data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

check("struct FOO {\n"

" void *data;\n"

"};\n"

"void f2(struct FOO* foo) {\n"

" (foo[0]).data++;\n"

"}");

ASSERT_EQUALS("[test.cpp:5]: (portability) '(foo[0]).data' is of type 'void *'. When using void pointers in calculations, the behaviour is undefined.\n", errout.str());

// #6050 arithmetic on void**

check("void* array[10];\n"

"void** b = array + 3;\n");

ASSERT_EQUALS("", errout.str());

}

void customStrncat() {

// Ensure we don't crash on custom-defined strncat, ticket #5875

check("char strncat ();\n"

"int main () {\n"

" return strncat ();\n"

"}\n");

}