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test_sqlalchemy.py
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#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
#------------SQLAlchemy的初始化和具体每个表的class定义--------------------#
from sqlalchemy import Column, String, create_engine
from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
# 创建对象的基类:
Base = declarative_base()
# 定义User对象:
class User(Base):
# 表的名字:
__tablename__ = 'user'
# 表的结构:
id = Column(String(20), primary_key=True)
name = Column(String(20))
# 初始化数据库连接:
engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector://root:root@localhost:3306/test')
# 创建DBSession类型:
DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
#---------------------------向数据库表中添加一行记录，可以视为添加一个User对象---------------------------#
# 创建session对象:
session = DBSession()
# 创建新User对象:
new_user = User(id='6', name='Bob')
# 添加到session:
session.add(new_user)
# 提交即保存到数据库:
session.commit()
# 关闭session:
session.close()
#--------------------------SQLAlchemy提供的查询接口------------------#
# 创建Session:
session = DBSession()
# 创建Query查询，filter是where条件，最后调用one()返回唯一行，如果调用all()则返回所有行:
user = session.query(User).filter(User.id=='5').one()
# 打印类型和对象的name属性:
print 'type:', type(user)
print 'name:', user.name
# 关闭Session:
session.close()
#--------------------一对多------------------------#
#class User(Base):
# __tablename__ = 'user'
#
# id = Column(String(20), primary_key=True)
# name = Column(String(20))
# # 一对多:
# books = relationship('Book')
#
#class Book(Base):
# __tablename__ = 'book'
#
# id = Column(String(20), primary_key=True)
# name = Column(String(20))
# # “多”的一方的book表是通过外键关联到user表的:
# user_id = Column(String(20), ForeignKey('user.id'))