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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" data-theme="light"><head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no"><title>利用GitHub自动化部署Blog | Bluecode</title><meta name="author" content="Bluecode"><meta name="copyright" content="Bluecode"><meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"><meta name="description" content="both">

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})(window)</script><meta name="generator" content="Hexo 6.3.0"></head><body><div id="sidebar"><div id="menu-mask"></div><div id="sidebar-menus"><div class="avatar-img is-center"><img src="/img/avatar.png" onerror="onerror=null;src='/img/friend_404.gif'" alt="avatar"/></div><div class="sidebar-site-data site-data is-center"><a href="/archives/"><div class="headline">Articles</div><div class="length-num">2</div></a><a href="/tags/"><div class="headline">Tags</div><div class="length-num">2</div></a><a href="/categories/"><div class="headline">Categories</div><div class="length-num">0</div></a></div><hr/><div class="menus_items"><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i><span> 首页</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/archives/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-archive"></i><span> 归档</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/tags/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-tags"></i><span> 标签</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/categories/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-folder-open"></i><span> 分类</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="post" id="body-wrap"><header class="post-bg" id="page-header" style="background-image: url('/img/top.png')"><nav id="nav"><span id="blog_name"><a id="site-name" href="/">Bluecode</a></span><div id="menus"><div class="menus_items"><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i><span> 首页</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/archives/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-archive"></i><span> 归档</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/tags/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-tags"></i><span> 标签</span></a></div><div class="menus_item"><a class="site-page" href="/categories/"><i class="fa-fw fas fa-folder-open"></i><span> 分类</span></a></div></div><div id="toggle-menu"><a class="site-page"><i class="fas fa-bars fa-fw"></i></a></div></div></nav><div id="post-info"><h1 class="post-title">利用GitHub自动化部署Blog<a class="post-edit-link" href="https://github.com/bluecodecc/blog/edit/main/source/_posts_posts/博客安装记录.md" title="Edited on" target="_blank"><i class="fas fa-pencil-alt"></i></a></h1><div id="post-meta"><div class="meta-firstline"><span class="post-meta-date"><i class="far fa-calendar-alt fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Created</span><time class="post-meta-date-created" datetime="2022-11-12T16:50:32.000Z" title="Created 2022-11-13 00:50:32">2022-11-13</time><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="fas fa-history fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Updated</span><time class="post-meta-date-updated" datetime="2022-11-16T10:38:21.000Z" title="Updated 2022-11-16 18:38:21">2022-11-16</time></span></div><div class="meta-secondline"><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-wordcount"><i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Word count:</span><span class="word-count">1.2k</span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><i class="far fa-clock fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Reading time:</span><span>4min</span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-pv-cv" id="" data-flag-title="利用GitHub自动化部署Blog"><i class="far fa-eye fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Post View:</span><span id="busuanzi_value_page_pv"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></span><span class="post-meta-separator">|</span><span class="post-meta-commentcount"><i class="far fa-comments fa-fw post-meta-icon"></i><span class="post-meta-label">Comments:</span><a href="/17618.html#post-comment" itemprop="discussionUrl"><span class="valine-comment-count" data-xid="/17618.html" itemprop="commentCount"><i class="fa-solid fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span></a></span></div></div></div></header><main class="layout" id="content-inner"><div id="post"><article class="post-content" id="article-container"><h1 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h1><p>最近由于工作需要所以研究了一下GitLab的CI/CD的功能，事后想起荒废了很久的博客，所以萌生了使用GitHub的Actions重新部署一下的想法，这里记录一下安装的过程。</p>

<li>博客主题: Butterfly</li>

<li>托管环境: GitHub Pages</li>

<li>源程序仓库: 可以设置成私有仓库，用来保存原始文件</li>

<li>页面文件仓库: 用来存放编译后的页面文件</li>

<li>更新流程: 编写文章PUSH到源程序仓库，源程序仓库Actions触发预先定义的任务，编译后PUSH到页面文件仓库，页面文件仓库Actions触发默认的github-pages任务部署网页服务。</li>

</ol>

<h1 id="安装hexo并初始化项目"><a href="#安装hexo并初始化项目" class="headerlink" title="安装hexo并初始化项目"></a>安装hexo并初始化项目</h1><p>Hexo依赖于Node.js环境，所以需要先安装Node.js,对于Mac来说，可以去Node.js官网下载安装包也可以通过brew命令安装。还需要安装GIT环境，Mac OS默认已安装。</p>

<ol>

<li>全局安装hexo-cli <code>npm install -g hexo-cli</code></li>

<li>初始化一个名为blog的hexo工程 <code>hexo init blog</code></li>

<li>安装依赖 <code>cd blog && npm install</code></li>

<li>启动hexo服务 <code>hexo server</code></li>

</ol>

<h1 id="安装主题"><a href="#安装主题" class="headerlink" title="安装主题"></a>安装主题</h1><p>推荐通过git clone主题仓库到hexo的themes文件夹下，这样比较容易管理<br>执行命令<code>git clone -b master https://github.com/jerryc127/hexo-theme-butterfly.git themes/butterfly</code>将主题butterfly安装到hexo的themes文件夹下。</p>

<h1 id="建立源程序仓库"><a href="#建立源程序仓库" class="headerlink" title="建立源程序仓库"></a>建立源程序仓库</h1><p>在GitHub建立源程序仓库，名称随意，可以设置成私有仓库，我这里取名为blog。</p>

<h1 id="建立页面文件仓库"><a href="#建立页面文件仓库" class="headerlink" title="建立页面文件仓库"></a>建立页面文件仓库</h1><p>在GitHub建立页面文件仓库，如果想通过githubname.github.io访问，需要将仓库命名为githubname.github.io，如果没有这个需求，可以任意取名。</p>

<h1 id="设置秘钥"><a href="#设置秘钥" class="headerlink" title="设置秘钥"></a>设置秘钥</h1><p>需要在GitHub设置三个秘钥文件</p>

<h2 id="SSH-keys"><a href="#SSH-keys" class="headerlink" title="SSH keys"></a>SSH keys</h2><p>添加Authentication Keys到GitHub的SSH keys，成功设置后可以免密执行git命令。</p>

<ol>

<li><code>ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "your.email@example.com" -b 4096</code>，按提示生成秘钥，也可以一路无脑回车</li>

<li><code>pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub</code>，拷贝公钥到<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/settings/ssh/new">SSH keys</a></li>

<li><code>ssh -T git@github.com</code>,测试是否可以通过认证。</li>

</ol>

<h2 id="源程序仓库的Actions-secrets"><a href="#源程序仓库的Actions-secrets" class="headerlink" title="源程序仓库的Actions secrets"></a>源程序仓库的Actions secrets</h2><p>添加私钥blog-deploy-key到源程序仓库的Actions secrets</p>

<ol>

<li><code>ssh-keygen -f blog-deploy-key</code>,生成公私钥对</li>

<li><code>pbcopy < ~/.ssh/blog-deploy-key</code>，拷贝私钥到<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/settings/ssh/new">Actions secrets</a>，命名为BLOG_DEPLOY_PRI</li>

</ol>

<h2 id="页面文件仓库的Deploy-keys"><a href="#页面文件仓库的Deploy-keys" class="headerlink" title="页面文件仓库的Deploy keys"></a>页面文件仓库的Deploy keys</h2><p>添加公钥blog-deploy-key.pub到页面文件仓库的Deploy keys，<mark class="hl-label orange">切记勾选Allow write access</mark> ，设置成功后源程序仓库的Actions任务可以PUSH代码到页面文件仓库</p>

<ol>

<li><code>pbcopy < ~/.ssh/blog-deploy-key.pub</code>，拷贝公钥粘贴到<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/bluecodecc/bluecodecc.github.io/settings/keys/new">Deploy keys</a>，命名为BLOG_DEPLOY_PUB</li>

</ol>

<h1 id="编写blog仓库的Actions文件"><a href="#编写blog仓库的Actions文件" class="headerlink" title="编写blog仓库的Actions文件"></a>编写blog仓库的Actions文件</h1><p>新建文件<code>.github/workflows/deploy.yml</code>，编写Actions任务。</p>

<figure class="highlight yaml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">CI</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">on:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">push:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">branches:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="string">main</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">env:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">GIT_USER:</span> <span class="string">xxx</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">GIT_EMAIL:</span> <span class="string">xxx@xx.com</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">THEME_REPO:</span> <span class="string">jerryc127/hexo-theme-butterfly</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">THEME_BRANCH:</span> <span class="string">master</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">THEME:</span> <span class="string">butterfly</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="attr">jobs:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">build:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Build</span> <span class="string">on</span> <span class="string">node</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">matrix.node_version</span> <span class="string">}}</span> <span class="string">and</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">matrix.os</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">runs-on:</span> <span class="string">ubuntu-latest</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">strategy:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">matrix:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">os:</span> [<span class="string">ubuntu-latest</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">node_version:</span> [<span class="number">18.</span><span class="string">x</span>]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">steps:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Checkout</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">uses:</span> <span class="string">actions/checkout@v2</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Checkout</span> <span class="string">theme</span> <span class="string">repo</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">uses:</span> <span class="string">actions/checkout@v2</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">with:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">repository:</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">env.THEME_REPO</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">ref:</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">env.THEME_BRANCH</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">path:</span> <span class="string">themes/${{</span> <span class="string">env.THEME</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Use</span> <span class="string">Node.js</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">matrix.node_version</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">uses:</span> <span class="string">actions/setup-node@v1</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">with:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">node-version:</span> <span class="string">${{</span> <span class="string">matrix.node_version</span> <span class="string">}}</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Configuration</span> <span class="string">environment</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">env:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">BLOG_DEPLOY_PRI:</span> <span class="string">${{secrets.BLOG_DEPLOY_PRI}}</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> sudo timedatectl set-timezone "Asia/Shanghai"</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> mkdir -p ~/.ssh/</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> echo "$BLOG_DEPLOY_PRI" > ~/.ssh/id_rsa</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> ssh-keyscan github.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> git config --global user.name $GIT_USER</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> git config --global user.email $GIT_EMAIL</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Install</span> <span class="string">dependencies</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"> npm install</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="string"></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="bullet">-</span> <span class="attr">name:</span> <span class="string">Deploy</span> <span class="string">hexo</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">run:</span> <span class="string">|</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">npm</span> <span class="string">run</span> <span class="string">deploy</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<h1 id="自定义主题配置"><a href="#自定义主题配置" class="headerlink" title="自定义主题配置"></a>自定义主题配置</h1><p>可以遵照官方建议操作</p>

<div class="note success simple"><p>在 hexo 的根目錄創建一個文件 _config.butterfly.yml，並把主題目錄的 _config.yml 內容複製到 _config.butterfly.yml 去。( 注意: 複製的是主題的 _config.yml ,而不是 hexo 的 _config.yml)</p>

</div>

<p>如果某些主题不支持读取根目录下的配置文件，可以考虑使用根目录下的配置文件覆盖主题目录下的配置文件，只需要在<code>Configuration environment</code>任务最后添加<code>cp _config.${{ env.THEME }}.yml themes/${{ env.THEME }}/_config.yml </code></p>

<div class="note warning simple"><p>当然主题可能出现破坏性升级，可以考虑不追踪最新的主题，自己手动更新主题文件，去掉上面的<code>Checkout theme repo</code>任务，并且将themes文件夹添加到git版本追踪中</p>

</div>

<h1 id="设置hexo部署路径"><a href="#设置hexo部署路径" class="headerlink" title="设置hexo部署路径"></a>设置hexo部署路径</h1><p>在hexo的配置文件_config.yml中，补全设置deploy子参数</p>

<div class="note warning simple"><p>以上涉及到的所有branch参数都需要一一对应，源程序仓库和页面文件仓库我都是使用的main分支，主题使用的master分支，按需修改即可，页面文件仓库的<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://github.com/githubname/githubname.github.io/settings/pages">Pages</a>也需要设置成对应的分支</p>

</div>

<h1 id="参考链接"><a href="#参考链接" class="headerlink" title="参考链接"></a>参考链接</h1><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://makefile.so/2021/11/28/use-github-actions-to-deploy-hexo-blog/">使用GitHub Actions部署Hexo博客</a><br><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://sanonz.github.io/2020/deploy-a-hexo-blog-from-github-actions/">利用 Github Actions 自动部署 Hexo 博客</a></p>

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