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Django: Getting Started Guide

Django is a high-level Python web framework that encourages rapid development and clean, pragmatic design. This guide will walk you through setting up your first Django project, creating a virtual environment, installing Django, and running your development server.

1. Setting Up a Python Virtual Environment

A virtual environment is an isolated environment for Python projects. It ensures your project dependencies are maintained separately.

python -m venv <environment_name>
  • Replace <environment_name> with your preferred environment name (commonly .venv or env).

Example:

python -m venv .venv

Activating the Virtual Environment

On Linux/macOS:

source .venv/bin/activate

On Windows:

.venv\Scripts\activate

When activated, your terminal prompt should change, indicating you're now inside the virtual environment.

2. Installing Django

With your virtual environment activated, install Django using pip:

pip install Django

You can verify the Django installation with:

python -m django --version

3. Creating a New Django Project

To create a new Django project, use the django-admin tool:

django-admin startproject my_website
  • This command creates a new directory called my_website containing the initial project structure.

Directory structure:

my_website/
    manage.py
    my_website/
        __init__.py
        settings.py
        urls.py
        asgi.py
        wsgi.py

Tip: You can replace my_website with your desired project name.

4. Navigating to Your Project Directory

Change directory into your project folder (e.g., jinjaTesting):

cd jinjaTesting

Replace jinjaTesting with your actual project folder name.

5. Running the Django Development Server

Start the built-in development server with:

python manage.py runserver
  • By default, the server runs at http://127.0.0.1:8000/.
  • Open this URL in your browser to see the Django welcome page.

Additional Options:

  • To run the server on a different port: 
    python manage.py runserver 8080
  • To specify an IP and port: 
    python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000

6. Next Steps

Now that your Django project is running, you can:

  • Create apps within your project using python manage.py startapp <app_name>.
  • Define models, views, and templates.
  • Configure URLs and settings.
  • Use Django's ORM, authentication system, and admin interface.

7. Common Django Commands

Command Description
python manage.py migrate Applies database migrations
python manage.py createsuperuser Creates an admin user
python manage.py startapp <app_name> Starts a new Django app
python manage.py makemigrations Prepares changes to your models for migration
python manage.py shell Opens a Python shell with Django context

8. Useful References

9. Example Session

# Create and activate a virtual environment
python -m venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate

# Install Django
pip install Django

# Start a new Django project
django-admin startproject jinjaTesting

# Move into your project directory
cd jinjaTesting

# Run the development server
python manage.py runserver

You should now be able to access your Django project in your web browser!
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