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using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Threading;
namespace Python.Runtime
{
/// <summary>
/// Represents a generic Python object. The methods of this class are
/// generally equivalent to the Python "abstract object API". See
/// PY2: https://docs.python.org/2/c-api/object.html
/// PY3: https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/object.html
/// for details.
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
[DebuggerDisplay("{" + nameof(DebuggerDisplay) + ",nq}")]
public partial class PyObject : DynamicObject, IDisposable, ISerializable
{
#if TRACE_ALLOC
/// <summary>
/// Trace stack for PyObject's construction
/// </summary>
public StackTrace Traceback { get; } = new StackTrace(1);
#endif
protected internal IntPtr rawPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
internal readonly int run = Runtime.GetRun();
internal BorrowedReference obj => new (rawPtr);
public static PyObject None => new (Runtime.PyNone);
internal BorrowedReference Reference => new (rawPtr);
/// <summary>
/// PyObject Constructor
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Creates a new PyObject from an IntPtr object reference. Note that
/// the PyObject instance assumes ownership of the object reference
/// and the reference will be DECREFed when the PyObject is garbage
/// collected or explicitly disposed.
/// </remarks>
[Obsolete]
internal PyObject(IntPtr ptr)
{
if (ptr == IntPtr.Zero) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(ptr));
rawPtr = ptr;
Finalizer.Instance.ThrottledCollect();
}
[Obsolete("for testing purposes only")]
internal PyObject(IntPtr ptr, bool skipCollect)
{
if (ptr == IntPtr.Zero) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(ptr));
rawPtr = ptr;
if (!skipCollect)
Finalizer.Instance.ThrottledCollect();
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates new <see cref="PyObject"/> pointing to the same object as
/// the <paramref name="reference"/>. Increments refcount, allowing <see cref="PyObject"/>
/// to have ownership over its own reference.
/// </summary>
internal PyObject(BorrowedReference reference)
{
if (reference.IsNull) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reference));
rawPtr = new NewReference(reference).DangerousMoveToPointer();
Finalizer.Instance.ThrottledCollect();
}
internal PyObject(BorrowedReference reference, bool skipCollect)
{
if (reference.IsNull) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reference));
rawPtr = new NewReference(reference).DangerousMoveToPointer();
if (!skipCollect)
Finalizer.Instance.ThrottledCollect();
}
internal PyObject(in StolenReference reference)
{
if (reference == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(reference));
rawPtr = reference.DangerousGetAddressOrNull();
Finalizer.Instance.ThrottledCollect();
}
// Ensure that encapsulated Python object is decref'ed appropriately
// when the managed wrapper is garbage-collected.
~PyObject()
{
if (!IsDisposed)
{
#if TRACE_ALLOC
CheckRun();
#endif
Interlocked.Increment(ref Runtime._collected);
Finalizer.Instance.AddFinalizedObject(ref rawPtr, run
#if TRACE_ALLOC
, Traceback
#endif
);
}
Dispose(false);
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets the native handle of the underlying Python object. This
/// value is generally for internal use by the PythonNet runtime.
/// </summary>
[Obsolete]
public IntPtr Handle
{
get { return rawPtr; }
}
/// <summary>
/// Gets raw Python proxy for this object (bypasses all conversions,
/// except <c>null</c> <==> <c>None</c>)
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Given an arbitrary managed object, return a Python instance that
/// reflects the managed object.
/// </remarks>
public static PyObject FromManagedObject(object ob)
{
// Special case: if ob is null, we return None.
if (ob == null)
{
return new PyObject(Runtime.PyNone);
}
return CLRObject.GetReference(ob).MoveToPyObject();
}
/// <summary>
/// Creates new <see cref="PyObject"/> from a nullable reference.
/// When <paramref name="reference"/> is <c>null</c>, <c>null</c> is returned.
/// </summary>
internal static PyObject? FromNullableReference(BorrowedReference reference)
=> reference.IsNull ? null : new PyObject(reference);
/// <summary>
/// AsManagedObject Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Return a managed object of the given type, based on the
/// value of the Python object.
/// </remarks>
public object? AsManagedObject(Type t)
{
if (!Converter.ToManaged(obj, t, out var result, true))
{
throw new InvalidCastException("cannot convert object to target type",
PythonException.FetchCurrentOrNull(out _));
}
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// Return a managed object of the given type, based on the
/// value of the Python object.
/// </summary>
public T As<T>() => (T)this.AsManagedObject(typeof(T))!;
internal bool IsDisposed => rawPtr == IntPtr.Zero;
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
{
if (IsDisposed)
{
return;
}
if (Runtime.Py_IsInitialized() == 0 && Runtime._Py_IsFinalizing() != true)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("Python runtime must be initialized");
}
nint refcount = Runtime.Refcount(this.obj);
Debug.Assert(refcount > 0, "Object refcount is 0 or less");
if (refcount == 1)
{
Runtime.PyErr_Fetch(out var errType, out var errVal, out var traceback);
try
{
Runtime.XDecref(StolenReference.Take(ref rawPtr));
Runtime.CheckExceptionOccurred();
}
finally
{
// Python requires finalizers to preserve exception:
// https://docs.python.org/3/extending/newtypes.html#finalization-and-de-allocation
Runtime.PyErr_Restore(errType.StealNullable(), errVal.StealNullable(), traceback.StealNullable());
}
}
else
{
Runtime.XDecref(StolenReference.Take(ref rawPtr));
}
this.rawPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
}
/// <summary>
/// The Dispose method provides a way to explicitly release the
/// Python object represented by a PyObject instance. It is a good
/// idea to call Dispose on PyObjects that wrap resources that are
/// limited or need strict lifetime control. Otherwise, references
/// to Python objects will not be released until a managed garbage
/// collection occurs.
/// </summary>
public void Dispose()
{
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
Dispose(true);
}
internal StolenReference Steal()
{
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
return StolenReference.Take(ref this.rawPtr);
}
[Obsolete("Test use only")]
internal void Leak()
{
Debug.Assert(!IsDisposed);
GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
rawPtr = IntPtr.Zero;
}
internal void CheckRun()
{
if (run != Runtime.GetRun())
throw new RuntimeShutdownException(rawPtr);
}
internal BorrowedReference GetPythonTypeReference()
=> Runtime.PyObject_TYPE(obj);
/// <summary>
/// GetPythonType Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns the Python type of the object. This method is equivalent
/// to the Python expression: type(object).
/// </remarks>
public PyType GetPythonType()
{
var tp = Runtime.PyObject_Type(Reference);
return new PyType(tp.StealOrThrow(), prevalidated: true);
}
/// <summary>
/// TypeCheck Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns true if the object o is of type typeOrClass or a subtype
/// of typeOrClass.
/// </remarks>
public bool TypeCheck(PyType typeOrClass)
{
if (typeOrClass == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(typeOrClass));
return Runtime.PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, typeOrClass.obj);
}
internal PyType PyType => this.GetPythonType();
/// <summary>
/// HasAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns true if the object has an attribute with the given name.
/// </remarks>
public bool HasAttr(string name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
return Runtime.PyObject_HasAttrString(Reference, name) != 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// HasAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns true if the object has an attribute with the given name,
/// where name is a PyObject wrapping a string or unicode object.
/// </remarks>
public bool HasAttr(PyObject name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
return Runtime.PyObject_HasAttr(Reference, name.Reference) != 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// GetAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns the named attribute of the Python object, or raises a
/// PythonException if the attribute access fails.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject GetAttr(string name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
using var op = Runtime.PyObject_GetAttrString(obj, name);
return new PyObject(op.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the named attribute of the Python object, or the given
/// default object if the attribute access throws AttributeError.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This method ignores any AttrubiteError(s), even ones
/// not raised due to missing requested attribute.
///
/// For example, if attribute getter calls other Python code, and
/// that code happens to cause AttributeError elsewhere, it will be ignored
/// and <paramref name="_default"/> value will be returned instead.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="name">Name of the attribute.</param>
/// <param name="_default">The object to return on AttributeError.</param>
[Obsolete("See remarks")]
public PyObject GetAttr(string name, PyObject _default)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
using var op = Runtime.PyObject_GetAttrString(obj, name);
if (op.IsNull())
{
if (Exceptions.ExceptionMatches(Exceptions.AttributeError))
{
Runtime.PyErr_Clear();
return _default;
}
else
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
return new PyObject(op.Steal());
}
/// <summary>
/// GetAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns the named attribute of the Python object or raises a
/// PythonException if the attribute access fails. The name argument
/// is a PyObject wrapping a Python string or unicode object.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject GetAttr(PyObject name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
using var op = Runtime.PyObject_GetAttr(obj, name.obj);
return new PyObject(op.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the named attribute of the Python object, or the given
/// default object if the attribute access throws AttributeError.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// This method ignores any AttrubiteError(s), even ones
/// not raised due to missing requested attribute.
///
/// For example, if attribute getter calls other Python code, and
/// that code happens to cause AttributeError elsewhere, it will be ignored
/// and <paramref name="_default"/> value will be returned instead.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="name">Name of the attribute. Must be of Python type 'str'.</param>
/// <param name="_default">The object to return on AttributeError.</param>
[Obsolete("See remarks")]
public PyObject GetAttr(PyObject name, PyObject _default)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
using var op = Runtime.PyObject_GetAttr(obj, name.obj);
if (op.IsNull())
{
if (Exceptions.ExceptionMatches(Exceptions.AttributeError))
{
Runtime.PyErr_Clear();
return _default;
}
else
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
return new PyObject(op.Steal());
}
/// <summary>
/// SetAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Set an attribute of the object with the given name and value. This
/// method throws a PythonException if the attribute set fails.
/// </remarks>
public void SetAttr(string name, PyObject value)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_SetAttrString(obj, name, value.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// SetAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Set an attribute of the object with the given name and value,
/// where the name is a Python string or unicode object. This method
/// throws a PythonException if the attribute set fails.
/// </remarks>
public void SetAttr(PyObject name, PyObject value)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_SetAttr(obj, name.obj, value.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DelAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Delete the named attribute of the Python object. This method
/// throws a PythonException if the attribute set fails.
/// </remarks>
public void DelAttr(string name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_DelAttrString(obj, name);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DelAttr Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Delete the named attribute of the Python object, where name is a
/// PyObject wrapping a Python string or unicode object. This method
/// throws a PythonException if the attribute set fails.
/// </remarks>
public void DelAttr(PyObject name)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_DelAttr(obj, name.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// GetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// return the item at the given object index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the indexing operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject GetItem(PyObject key)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
using var op = Runtime.PyObject_GetItem(obj, key.obj);
if (op.IsNull())
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
return new PyObject(op.Steal());
}
/// <summary>
/// GetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// return the item at the given string index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the indexing operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject GetItem(string key)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
using (var pyKey = new PyString(key))
{
return GetItem(pyKey);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// GetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// return the item at the given numeric index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the indexing operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject GetItem(int index)
{
using (var key = new PyInt(index))
{
return GetItem(key);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// SetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// set the item at the given object index to the given value. This
/// method raises a PythonException if the set operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void SetItem(PyObject key, PyObject value)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_SetItem(obj, key.obj, value.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// SetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// set the item at the given string index to the given value. This
/// method raises a PythonException if the set operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void SetItem(string key, PyObject value)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
using (var pyKey = new PyString(key))
{
SetItem(pyKey, value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// SetItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// set the item at the given numeric index to the given value. This
/// method raises a PythonException if the set operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void SetItem(int index, PyObject value)
{
if (value == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(value));
using (var pyindex = new PyInt(index))
{
SetItem(pyindex, value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DelItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// delete the item at the given object index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the delete operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void DelItem(PyObject key)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_DelItem(obj, key.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DelItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// delete the item at the given string index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the delete operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void DelItem(string key)
{
if (key == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(key));
using (var pyKey = new PyString(key))
{
DelItem(pyKey);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// DelItem Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// For objects that support the Python sequence or mapping protocols,
/// delete the item at the given numeric index. This method raises a
/// PythonException if the delete operation fails.
/// </remarks>
public virtual void DelItem(int index)
{
using (var pyindex = new PyInt(index))
{
DelItem(pyindex);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Returns the length for objects that support the Python sequence
/// protocol.
/// </summary>
public virtual long Length()
{
var s = Runtime.PyObject_Size(Reference);
if (s < 0)
{
throw PythonException.ThrowLastAsClrException();
}
return s;
}
/// <summary>
/// String Indexer
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Provides a shorthand for the string versions of the GetItem and
/// SetItem methods.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject this[string key]
{
get { return GetItem(key); }
set { SetItem(key, value); }
}
/// <summary>
/// PyObject Indexer
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Provides a shorthand for the object versions of the GetItem and
/// SetItem methods.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject this[PyObject key]
{
get { return GetItem(key); }
set { SetItem(key, value); }
}
/// <summary>
/// Numeric Indexer
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Provides a shorthand for the numeric versions of the GetItem and
/// SetItem methods.
/// </remarks>
public virtual PyObject this[int index]
{
get { return GetItem(index); }
set { SetItem(index, value); }
}
/// <summary>
/// Return a new (Python) iterator for the object. This is equivalent
/// to the Python expression "iter(object)".
/// </summary>
/// <exception cref="PythonException">Thrown if the object can not be iterated.</exception>
public PyIter GetIterator() => PyIter.GetIter(this);
/// <summary>
/// Invoke Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the callable object with the given arguments, passed as a
/// PyObject[]. A PythonException is raised if the invocation fails.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject Invoke(params PyObject[] args)
{
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
if (args.Contains(null)) throw new ArgumentNullException();
var t = new PyTuple(args);
using var r = Runtime.PyObject_Call(obj, t.obj, null);
t.Dispose();
return new PyObject(r.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// Invoke Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the callable object with the given arguments, passed as a
/// Python tuple. A PythonException is raised if the invocation fails.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject Invoke(PyTuple args)
{
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
using var r = Runtime.PyObject_Call(obj, args.obj, null);
return new PyObject(r.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// Invoke Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the callable object with the given positional and keyword
/// arguments. A PythonException is raised if the invocation fails.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject Invoke(PyObject[] args, PyDict? kw)
{
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
if (args.Contains(null)) throw new ArgumentNullException();
using var t = new PyTuple(args);
using var r = Runtime.PyObject_Call(obj, t.obj, kw is null ? null : kw.obj);
return new PyObject(r.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// Invoke Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the callable object with the given positional and keyword
/// arguments. A PythonException is raised if the invocation fails.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject Invoke(PyTuple args, PyDict? kw)
{
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
using var r = Runtime.PyObject_Call(obj, args.obj, kw is null ? null : kw.obj);
return new PyObject(r.StealOrThrow());
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(string name, params PyObject[] args)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
if (args.Contains(null)) throw new ArgumentNullException();
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(string name, PyTuple args)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(PyObject name, params PyObject[] args)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
if (args.Contains(null)) throw new ArgumentNullException();
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(PyObject name, PyTuple args)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments
/// and keyword arguments. Keyword args are passed as a PyDict object.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(string name, PyObject[] args, PyDict? kw)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
if (args.Contains(null)) throw new ArgumentNullException();
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args, kw);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// InvokeMethod Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Invoke the named method of the object with the given arguments
/// and keyword arguments. Keyword args are passed as a PyDict object.
/// A PythonException is raised if the invocation is unsuccessful.
/// </remarks>
public PyObject InvokeMethod(string name, PyTuple args, PyDict? kw)
{
if (name == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(name));
if (args == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(args));
PyObject method = GetAttr(name);
PyObject result = method.Invoke(args, kw);
method.Dispose();
return result;
}
/// <summary>
/// IsInstance Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Return true if the object is an instance of the given Python type
/// or class. This method always succeeds.
/// </remarks>
public bool IsInstance(PyObject typeOrClass)
{
if (typeOrClass == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(typeOrClass));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_IsInstance(obj, typeOrClass.obj);
if (r < 0)
{
Runtime.PyErr_Clear();
return false;
}
return r != 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// Return <c>true</c> if the object is identical to or derived from the
/// given Python type or class. This method always succeeds.
/// </summary>
public bool IsSubclass(PyObject typeOrClass)
{
if (typeOrClass == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(typeOrClass));
return IsSubclass(typeOrClass.Reference);
}
internal bool IsSubclass(BorrowedReference typeOrClass)
{
if (typeOrClass.IsNull) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(typeOrClass));
int r = Runtime.PyObject_IsSubclass(Reference, typeOrClass);
if (r < 0)
{
Runtime.PyErr_Clear();
return false;
}
return r != 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// IsCallable Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns true if the object is a callable object. This method
/// always succeeds.
/// </remarks>
public bool IsCallable()
{
return Runtime.PyCallable_Check(obj) != 0;
}
/// <summary>
/// IsIterable Method
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Returns true if the object is iterable object. This method
/// always succeeds.
/// </remarks>
public bool IsIterable()
{
return Runtime.PyObject_IsIterable(obj);
}
/// <summary>