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Sweet potato mild mottle virus

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sweet potato mild mottle virus
Virus classification Edit this classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Pisuviricota
Class: Stelpaviricetes
Order: Patatavirales
Family: Potyviridae
Genus: Ipomovirus
Species:
Ipomovirus lenisbatatae
Synonyms
  • sweet potato T virus
  • sweet potato B virus

Sweet potato mild mottle virus (SPMMV) is a plant pathogenic virus of the family Potyviridae.

Host and symptoms

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Sweet potato mild mottle virus (or SPMMV) has a large host range. This is uncommon for potyviruses, making SPMMV a divergent species of potyviruses.[1] SPMMV hosts include 45 different species in 14 different plant families.[2] The naturally occurring host, and namesake for the virus is Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato). Even though SPMMV is found naturally in sweet potato, scientists have been able to experimentally transmit the virus to different species including beets, sowbane, devil’s snare, makhmali, tomato, tobacco, petunia, and zinna.[3]

Some common symptoms seen in SPMMV hosts include mild leaf mottling, which is characterized by irregular patterns of marks, patches, spots, and streaks of different colors on host leaves. Also, stunting and dwarfing of the plant is common.[4] Some hosts even have venial chlorosis.[5][6] Overall, plant growth is very poor in hosts with SPMMV.[2]

Environment

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Sweet potato mild mottle virus is transmitted by Bemisia tabaci, which is the sweet potato whitefly. They are very small insects that suck in order to consume food. They are of the family Aleyrodidae of the order Homoptera.[7]

The more time that the insect feeds on the crop, the higher chance they have of acquiring the plant virus. This will make it easier for them to transmit the virus to another plant, as they are persistent, circulative vectors.[8] Whiteflies are mainly found in tropical areas, and have high populations in the warmer climates of the United States, Africa, and Australia.[7]

References

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  1. ^ Hegde, Vinayaka; Misra, R. S.; Jeeva, M. L. (2012). "Sweet Potato Diseases: Diagnosis and Management" (PDF). Fruit, Vegetable, Cereal and Biotechnology. 6 (1): 65–78.
  2. ^ a b Moyer, James W (1989). "Viruses and Viruslike Diseases of Sweet Potato". Plant Disease. 73 (6): 451–6. doi:10.1094/PD-73-0451.
  3. ^ Colinet, D; Kummert, J; Lepoivre, P (1996). "Molecular evidence that the whitefly-transmitted sweetpotato mild mottle virus belongs to a distinct genus of the Potyviridae". Archives of Virology. 141 (1): 125–35. doi:10.1007/BF01718593. hdl:2268/25960. PMID 8629939. S2CID 20774910.
  4. ^ "Plantwise Knowledge Bank: Mild mottle of sweet potato". Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  5. ^ "Sweetpotato mild mottle virus". Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  6. ^ Ames T, Smit JM, Braun AR, O'Sullivan JN, Skoglun LG. "Sweetpotato: Major Pests, Diseases, and Nutritional Disorders" (PDF). Retrieved 12 December 2017.
  7. ^ a b Valverde, Rodrigo A; Sim, Jeonggu; Lotrakul, Pongtharin (2004). "Whitefly transmission of sweet potato viruses". Virus Research. 100 (1): 123–8. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2003.12.020. PMID 15036843.
  8. ^ "Worry Spreading in Florida over Exotic Whitefly". 2016-06-14. Retrieved 12 December 2017.
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